Shōkaku (porta-aviões)

Shōkaku
 Japão
Operador Marinha Imperial Japonesa
Fabricante Arsenal Naval de Yokosuka
Batimento de quilha 12 de dezembro de 1937
Lançamento 1º de junho de 1939
Comissionamento 8 de agosto de 1941
Destino Afundado na Batalha do Mar das Filipinas em 19 de junho de 1944
Características gerais
Tipo de navio Porta-aviões
Classe Shōkaku
Deslocamento 32 105 t (carregado)
Maquinário 4 turbinas a vapor
8 caldeiras
Comprimento 257,5 m
Boca 29 m
Calado 9,32 m
Propulsão 4 hélices
- 163 200 cv (120 000 kW)
Velocidade 34,5 nós (63,9 km/h)
Autonomia 9 700 milhas náuticas a 18 nós
(18 000 km a 33 km/h)
Armamento 16 canhões de 127 mm
36 canhões de 25 mm
Blindagem Cinturão: 46 a 165 mm
Convés: 65 a 132 mm
Aeronaves 72
Tripulação 1 660

O Shōkaku (翔鶴?) foi um porta-aviões operado pela Marinha Imperial Japonesa e a primeira embarcação da Classe Shōkaku, seguido pelo Zuikaku. Sua construção começou em dezembro de 1937 no Arsenal Naval de Yokosuka e foi lançado ao mar em junho de 1939, sendo comissionado na frota japonesa no início de agosto de 1941.[1] Ele era capaz de transportar mais de setenta aeronaves, era armado com uma bateria antiaérea de canhões de 127 e 25 milímetros, tinha um deslocamento carregado de mais de 32 mil toneladas e alcançava uma velocidade máxima de 34 nós.

A primeira ação da carreira do Shōkaku foi participar do Ataque a Pearl Harbor em dezembro de 1941, no início da Guerra do Pacífico. Depois disso, o navio participou de um ataque contra Rabaul em janeiro de 1942, de um ataque contra forças britânicas no Oceano Índico entre março e abril, da Batalha do Mar de Coral em maio e de vários confrontos e operações na Campanha de Guadalcanal, incluindo as Batalhas das Salomão Orientais em agosto e das Ilhas Santa Cruz em outubro. Ele foi seriamente danificado nesta última e precisou retornar ao Japão para passar por reparos.[1]

O navio passou a maior parte de 1943 nas bases de Kure e Truk, saindo ocasionalmente para realizar treinamentos. No ano seguinte foi designado para atuar nas áreas próximas de Lingga e Singapura até junho, quando partiu para atacar forças Aliadas nas Ilhas Marianas. Esta ação resultou na Batalha do Mar das Filipinas em 19 de junho, quando foi torpedeado três vezes pelo submarino norte-americano USS Cavalla e depois acertado por uma bomba jogada por um bombardeiro. Estes acertos causaram grandes incêndios e inundações a bordo que afundaram o Shōkaku.[1]

Referências

  1. ↑ a b c Tully, Anthony P. (30 de julho de 2010). «IJN Shokaku: Tabular Record of Movement». Combined Fleet. Consultado em 22 de maio de 2021 

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