Samuel Brown

Samuel Brown
Samuel Brown
Nascimento 1799
Morte 16 de setembro de 1849
Cidadania Reino Unido
Ocupação engenheiro, inventor
Máquina de gás a vácuo de Brown de 1823

Samuel Brown (1799 – 1849[1]) foi um engenheiro e inventor inglês, que no início do século XIX foi um dos primeiros a desenvolver um motor de combustão interna ou a gás com hidrogênio com combustível. Brown, tanoeiro por profissão (também patenteou melhorias em máquinas para produção de barris)[2], foi descrito como "pai da turbina a gás". Enquanto morou em Brompton de 1825 a 1835, desenvolveu a primeira turbina a gás cujo funcionamento foi um sucesso mecânico. Ele montou duas máquinas para fins de demonstração na propriedade da loja.[3]

Motor a gás de Brown

Em duas patentes datadas de 4 de dezembro de 1823 e 22 de abril de 1826,[4] Brown propôs encher uma câmara fechada com uma chama de gás e assim expulsar o ar; a chama é então apagada injetando água e operando assim uma turbina enquanto o ar flui no vácuo parcial. Evidentemente, a ideia foi copiada do motor a vapor de James Watt, usando uma chama em vez de vapor para criar o vácuo.

Brown projetou mais tarde (por volta de 1826) uma máquina que usava hidrogênio como combustível - um dos primeiros exemplos de um motor de combustão interna. Era baseado em um velho motor a vapor de Thomas Newcomen, tinha um cilindro de combustão e de trabalho separado e era resfriado com água que circulava ao redor do cilindro em uma jaqueta ou revestimento. A água foi mantida em movimento por uma bomba e resfriada em contato com o ar externo. Em 1825 Brown fundou uma empresa para produzir a máquina.[5] O motor tinha cilindrada de 8800 cm³, mas atingiu apenas 4 hp.[6] Ele testou a máquina dirigindo um veículo em 27 de maio de 1826 que subiu o Shooter's Hill.[7] O grande esforço necessário para operar a máquina a vácuo de gás, no entanto, impediu seu uso.

Citação:

„In 1826, Mr. Samuel Brown applied his gas-vacuum engine ... to a carriage, and ascended Shooter's hill to the satisfaction of numerous spectators. The great expense, however, which attended the working of a gas-vacuum engine, prevented its adoption.“[8]

A máquina também foi usada para bombear água e movimentar um barco fluvial. Brown fundou uma empresa para produzir máquinas para barcos e barcaças, uma das quais teria atingido 13 quilômetros por hora subindo o rio.[9][10] A empresa não teve sucesso, embora isso possa ter sido devido ao suprimento de gás mais do que à própria máquina.

Referências

  1. ↑ Lance Day, Ian McNeil, eds. (1996). Biographical Dictionary of the History of Technology. Londres: Routledge. p. 188 
  2. ↑ The Repertory of Patent Inventions: And Other Discoveries and Improvements, 1825, p. 439
  3. ↑ Roland Gardens. Survey of London: volume 41: Brompton (1983), p. 149–155. British History Online
  4. ↑ T. Gill (1826), The Technical repository, p. 383
  5. ↑ Engine Cooling Systems
  6. ↑ Car History 4U – History of Gas Powered Motorised Vehicles (Memento vom 25. agosto 2007 im Internet Archive)
  7. ↑ Robert Henry Thurston, A History of the Growth of the Steam Engine, p. 162
  8. ↑ Alexander Gordon: A Treatise Upon Elemental Locomotion and Interior Communication. 1834, p. 51
  9. ↑ Elijah Galloway, Luke Hebert: History and Progress of the Steam Engine. 1834, p. 263
  10. ↑ John Ross: A Treatise on Navigation by Steam. 1828, p. 168

Ver também

Ligações externas

Read other articles:

Lionel Barrymore

Lionel BarrymoreBarrymore pada 1923LahirLionel Herbert Blythe(1878-04-28)28 April 1878Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, ASMeninggal15 November 1954(1954-11-15) (umur 76)Van Nuys, California, ASPekerjaanAktorTahun aktif1893–1954 Lionel Barrymore (nama lahir Lionel Herbert Blythe; 28 April 1878 – 15 November 1954) adalah seorang aktor panggung, layar lebar dan radio serta sutradara film Amerika.[1] Ia memenangkan Academy Award untuk Aktor Terbaik untuk penampilann...

 

Katedral Lama Coimbra

Katedral Lama CoimbraKatedral Bunda Maria Diangkat ke SurgaPortugis: Sé Velha de Coimbracode: pt is deprecated Katedral Lama CoimbraLokasiCoimbraNegaraPortugalDenominasiGereja Katolik RomaArsitekturStatusKatedralStatus fungsionalAktifAdministrasiKeuskupanKeuskupan Coimbra Katedral Lama Coimbra (Portugis: Sé Velha de Coimbracode: pt is deprecated ) adalah sebuah gereja paroki Katolik yang terletak di Coimbra, Portugal. Pembangunan Gereja Sé Velha ini dimulai beberapa waktu setelah Pertempur...

 

Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach

Johann BernhardFischer von ErlachLukisan karya Ádám Mányoki, sekitar tahun 1723Lahir(1656-07-20)20 Juli 1656GrazMeninggal5 April 1723(1723-04-05) (umur 66)WinaKebangsaanAustriaPekerjaanArsitekGedung Istana Schönbrunn Karlskirche Perpustakaan Nasional Austria Schloss Klessheim Gereja Tritunggal Suci Kollegienkirche Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach (20 Juli 1656 – 5 April 1723) adalah seorang arsitek, pembuat patung dan sejarawan arsitektur Austria yang telah merancang berbagai ba...

Anton Raphael Mengs

Anton Raphael Mengs. Anton Raphael Mengs (12 Maret 1728 – 29 Juni 1779) adalah seorang pelukis Jerman. Dia aktif di Roma, Madrid, dan Sachsen. Dia merupakan salah satu pelopor lukisan Neoklasik. Pranala luar Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Anton Raphael Mengs. 'Self-portrait' (1774) at the Walker Art Gallery, Liverpool 'Portrait of Charles III' (1761) at the Museo del Prado Wittkower, Rudolf (1993). Art and Architecture Italy, 1600–1750. Pelican History of Art. 1980. Penguin Boo...

 

The Nut (Tasmania)

The NutHighest pointElevation143 m (469 ft)[1]Prominence142 m (466 ft)[2]Isolation0.63 km (0.39 mi)[2]Coordinates40°45′49″S 145°18′11″E / 40.7637°S 145.3031°E / -40.7637; 145.3031GeographyLocationNorth West Tasmania, Australia The Nut is a volcanic plug near the town of Stanley, Tasmania.[3][4][5] It is made of fragments of basaltic volcanic rock from a volcano that was activ...

 

WQHR

Radio station in Presque Isle, MaineWQHRPresque Isle, MaineBroadcast areaAroostook County, Maine, Western New BrunswickFrequency96.1 MHzBrandingQ 96.1ProgrammingFormatTop 40 (CHR)OwnershipOwnerTownsquare Media(Townsquare Media Presque Isle License, LLC)Sister stationsWBPW, WOZIHistoryFirst air date1981 (as WTMS)Former call signsWTMS (1981-1995)Call sign meaningQ for Q96, HR for Hit RadioTechnical informationFacility ID9422ClassCERP95,000 wattsHAAT390 metersLinksWebcastListen LiveWebsiteq961.c...

Social services and homelessness in Columbus, Ohio

Aspects of support for low-income and homeless residents of Columbus, Ohio The Downtown YMCA was the largest YMCA resident facility in the United States Columbus, the capital city of Ohio, has a history of social services to provide for low- and no-income residents. The city has many neighborhoods below the poverty line, and has experienced a rise in homelessness in recent decades. Social services include cash- and housing-related assistance, case management, treatment for mental health and s...

 

Pedurungan, Semarang

PedurunganKecamatanPeta lokasi Kecamatan PedurunganNegara IndonesiaProvinsiJawa TengahKotaSemarangPemerintahan • CamatMoh. Agus Junaidi, S.Kom, MMPopulasi • Total197,125 jiwaKode Kemendagri33.74.06 Kode BPS3374080 Luas20,72 km²Desa/kelurahanGemahKalicari Muktiharjo KidulPalebonPedurungan KidulPedurungan LorPedurungan TengahPenggaron KidulPlamongansariTlogomulyoTlogosari KulonTlogosari Wetan Pedurungan (Jawa: ꦥꦼꦢꦸꦫꦸꦔꦤ꧀) adalah sebuah kecamata...

 

Michelle Rowland

Australian politician The HonourableMichelle RowlandMPRowland in 2022Minister for CommunicationsIncumbentAssumed office 1 June 2022Prime MinisterAnthony AlbanesePreceded byPaul FletcherPresident of the New South Wales Labor PartyIncumbentAssumed office 9 October 2021LeaderChris MinnsGeneral SecretaryBob NanvaDominic OffnerPreceded byMark LennonMember of the Australian Parliamentfor GreenwayIncumbentAssumed office 21 August 2010Preceded byLouise Markus Local government Deputy Mayor...

Serotine bat

Species of bat Silky bat redirects here. For another bat of a similar name in the leaf-nosed bat family, see Silky short-tailed bat. Serotine bat A serotine bat, crawling across a wooden surface Conservation status Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1)[1] Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Chiroptera Family: Vespertilionidae Genus: Eptesicus Species: E. serotinus Binomial name Eptesicus serotinus(Schreber, 1774) Global r...

 

Società Polisportiva Ars et Labor 1987-1988

Voce principale: Società Polisportiva Ars et Labor. Società Polisportiva Ars et LaborStagione 1987-1988 Sport calcio Squadra SPAL Allenatore Giancarlo Cella (1ª-9ª) G. B. Fabbri (10ª-34ª) Presidente Francesco Nicolini Serie C16º nel girone A Coppa ItaliaPrimo turno Coppa Italia Serie CSedicesimi di finale Maggiori presenzeCampionato: Cervellati (34) Miglior marcatoreCampionato: Paradiso (10) StadioPaolo Mazza (22 000) 1986-1987 1988-1989 Si invita a seguire il modello di voc...

 

2023–24 LEN Euro Cup

For the equivalent women's tournament, see 2023–24 LEN Women's Euro Cup. Sports season2023–24 LEN Euro CupLeagueLEN Euro CupSportWater poloDuration21 September 2023 – 18 May 2024Number of teams36 LEN Euro Cup seasons← 2022–232024–25 → The 2023–24 LEN Euro Cup is the 32nd edition of the water polo competition organised by the Ligue Européenne de Natation (LEN). This is the first season under the new changes made by LEN.[1] The defending champions are A-Híd V...

Голубянки

Голубянки Самец голубянки икар Научная классификация Домен:ЭукариотыЦарство:ЖивотныеПодцарство:ЭуметазоиБез ранга:Двусторонне-симметричныеБез ранга:ПервичноротыеБез ранга:ЛиняющиеБез ранга:PanarthropodaТип:ЧленистоногиеПодтип:ТрахейнодышащиеНадкласс:ШестиногиеКласс...

 

No. 226 Squadron RAF

No. 226 Squadron RAFThree North American Mitchell Mark IIs of No. 226 Squadron about to bomb railway yards in northern France on the evening of 12 May 1944Active1 April–18 December 191815 March 1937–20 September 19451 August 1959 – 9 March 1963Disbanded1963CountryUnited KingdomBranchRoyal Air ForceTypeSquadronRoleStrategic Missile ForceGarrison/HQ Pizzone & Taranto, Italy, 1918 RAF Upper Heyford, 16 April 1937–2 September 1939[1] Reims–Champagne (France), 2 September 19...

 

State of Terror

2021 novel by Hillary Clinton and Louise Penny State of Terror Author Hillary Rodham Clinton Louise Penny CountryUnited StatesLanguageEnglishPublisherSimon & Schuster, St. Martin's PressPublication dateOctober 12, 2021Pages320[1]ISBN9781982173678 State of Terror is a political-mystery novel written by former United States Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton and Canadian mystery novelist Louise Penny. A spin-off of Penny's Inspector Gamache series, the titular character appea...

The Inn Where No Man Rests

L'Auberge du Bon ReposSutradaraGeorges MélièsDitulis olehGeorges MélièsTanggal rilis27 Juni 1903 (Amerika Serikat)NegaraPrancisBahasaFilm bisu The Inn Where No Man Rests (bahasa Prancis: L'Auberge du Bon Repos) adalah sebuah film komedi bisu Prancis tahun 1903 garapan Georges Méliès yang berlatar sebuah penginapan. Film tersebut mengisahkan keadaan pikiran pemabuk. Pranala luar L'Auberge du Bon Repos di IMDb (dalam bahasa Inggris) L'Auberge du Bon Repos on YouTube lbsGeorges M�...

 

Alarm (1941 film)

1941 German crime film AlarmDirected byHerbert B. FredersdorfWritten by Kurt Roecken [de] (novel) Kurt E. Walter Produced byGustav AlthoffStarringKarl MartellMaria von TasnadyPaul KlingerCinematographyEduard HoeschEdited byMargarete SteinbornMusic byHanson Milde-MeissnerProductioncompanyAco-FilmRelease date 31 January 1941 (1941-01-31) Running time91 minutesCountryGermanyLanguageGerman Alarm is a 1941 German crime film directed by Herbert B. Fredersdorf and starrin...

 

The Autumn Effect

2005 studio album by 10 YearsThe Autumn EffectStudio album by 10 YearsReleasedJuly 22, 2005 (2005-07-22)[1]Recorded2005StudioPulse Recording (Los Angeles)Genre Alternative metal[2] post-grunge[2] nu metal[3] Length47:25Label Republic Universal ProducerJosh Abraham10 Years chronology Killing All That Holds You(2004) The Autumn Effect(2005) Division(2008) Singles from The Autumn Effect WastelandReleased: June 7, 2005 Through the IrisRelease...

Filippino Lippi

Autoritratto nell'affresco Disputa di Simon Mago e crocifissione di san Pietro Filippo Lippi, detto Filippino Lippi per distinguerlo dal padre (Prato, 1457 – Firenze, 1504), è stato un pittore italiano. Riprese lo stile lineare del suo maestro Sandro Botticelli, ma lo usò per creare opere in cui risaltasse il carattere irreale della scena con figure allungate e scene ricche di dettagli fantasiosi. Dopo un viaggio a Roma compiuto tra il 1488 e il 1492, dove studiò sia i monumenti antichi ...

 

République démocratique du Viêt Nam

République démocratique du Viêt Nam(vi) Việt Nam Dân Chủ Cộng Hòa 1945–1976 Hymne Tiến Quân CaLes troupes avancent Territoire contrôlé (vert foncé)Territoire revendiqué mais incontrôlé (vert clair)Informations générales Statut République marxiste-léniniste État communiste à parti unique sous dictature Capitale Hanoï Langue(s) Vietnamien Religion Athéisme d'État Monnaie đồng nord-vietnamien Superficie Superficie 155 751 km² Histoire et événements 2 se...