Síncope (música)

Sincopa, também conhecida como Síncope em música, é uma figura rítmica caracterizada pela execução de som em um tempo fraco, ou parte fraca de tempo que se prolonga até o tempo forte.[1]

Não confunda, sincopa é diferente de síncope, síncope se refere à medicina, à literatura, sincopa se refere à música.

A "síncope" é um termo mais amplo que pode ser utilizado em diferentes contextos, como medicina e literatura, enquanto a "sincopa" é um termo mais específico utilizado na música para descrever um deslocamento rítmico.

Muitas vezes nas músicas temos um efeito de deslocamento natural da acentuação, ou seja, o tempo forte, primeiro tempo do compasso, é preenchido por pausa (silêncio) ou então temos um prolongamento do som anterior. Convém lembrar que todo tempo (pulso) possui uma parte forte e outra(s) fraca(s). A parte forte de um pulso é exatamente o momento em que a marcação do tempo é feita. A duração restante do tempo constitui a parte fraca. Portanto, este deslocamento pode ser feito em qualquer um dos tempos do compasso. Ele pode assumir duas formas principais: 

Sincopa - Elemento rítmico que consiste no deslocamento da acentuação da parte fraca do tempo para a parte forte do tempo.

Contratempo - quando a nota soa em tempo fraco, ou parte fraca de tempo, sendo antecedida, isto é, tendo no tempo forte ou na parte forte do tempo, uma pausa.

Diversos gêneros musicais possuem síncopes no seu ritmo básico, tais como o samba, reggae e diversos ritmos latinos.

Referências

  1. ↑ «Síncope». Michaelis 
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