Rub' al-Khali

O Rub' al-Khali

O Rub' al-Khālī (em árabe: الربع الخالي ar-Rubʿ al-Ḫālī ,[nota 1]; em português, Rubalcali, lit.: 'o quarto vazio' ou 'a quarta parte vazia') é um dos maiores desertos do planeta e a maior área contínua de areia (erg) do mundo,[1] ocupando a maior parte do terço sul da Península Arábica e abrangendo áreas da Arábia Saudita, de Omã, dos Emirados Árabes Unidos e do Iêmen. O deserto cobre cerca de 650.000 km² e se localiza entre long. 44°30′ − 56°30′E e lat. 16°30′ − 23°00′N.[2] Sua altitude varia de 800m, no sudoeste, até o nível do mar, no nordeste.[3]

Rub' al-Khālī se caracteriza pela presença de dunas com até 250 m de altura, intercaladas por planícies de cascalho e gipsita.[2][3] Suas areias têm um tom amarelo alaranjado, em razão da presença de feldspatos.[3]

A região tem clima desértico típico do Deserto da Arábia, sendo classificada como de clima hiper-árido, com precipitações anuais médias inferiores a 30 mm. A temperatura máxima média é de 47°C, podendo chegar a 51°C.[3]

A região também possui desertos de sal e sapais de areia movediça em algumas áreas, como o Umm al Samim, na extremidade leste do deserto.[3]

Notas

  1. ↑ Outras transliterações padronizadas incluem: ar-Rubʻ al-Khālī / ar-rubʿ al-ḵālī. O ar- é o artigo definido árabe assimilado, al-, que também pode ser transliterado como al-.

Referências

  1. ↑ Peter Vincent (2008). Saudi Arabia: an environmental overview. [S.l.]: Taylor & Francis. p. 141. ISBN 978-0-415-41387-9. Consultado em 22 de agosto de 2010 
  2. ↑ a b Clark, Arthur (1989). «Lakes of the Rub' al-Khali». Saudi Aramco World (em inglês). 40 (3): 28–33. ISSN 0003-7567. Consultado em 18 de julho de 2013. Arquivado do original em 13 de janeiro de 2010 
  3. ↑ a b c d e «Arabian Desert and East Sahero-Arabian xeric shrublands». Terrestrial Ecoregions. World Wildlife Fund. Consultado em 22 de agosto de 2010 
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