Revolta na Albânia em 1997

Em 15 de março de 1997, Tirana, Albânia - os cidadãos norte-americanos são evacuados da Embaixada dos Estados Unidos pelo CH-53 Super Stallion em combate e protegido por fuzileiros navais, depois que o governo da Albânia, perdeu o controle sobre o seu exército e se dissolveu.
História da Albânia

A Revolta na Albânia de 1997, também conhecida como a Revolta das Pirâmides ou Anarquia na Albânia,[1] ocorreu durante o primeiro trimestre de 1997.
Em 1992, o Partido Democrático da Albânia venceu as primeiras eleições livres na Albânia, Sali Berisha tornou-se presidente. A Albânia havia se tornando uma economia liberalizada, depois de anos sob uma economia controlada, porém o sistema financeiro rudimentar tornou-se dominado por pirâmides financeiras, o chamado Esquema Ponzi. Funcionários do governo apoiaram os esquemas e aprovaram uma série de fundos de investimento em pirâmide.

Em janeiro de 1997 os esquemas (na verdade, fachada para lavagem de dinheiro e tráfico de armas) não conseguiam mais fazer os pagamentos uma vez que o número de investidores cresceu para além de dois terços dos albaneses (número maior que a população economicamente ativa do país), pois pessoas que tinham sido atraídas pela promessa de ficarem ricas rapidamente.

Estima-se que cerca de 1,5 bilhões dólares foram investidos em empresas que ofereciam taxas de lucros mensais que variavam entre 10 a 25 por cento, enquanto o rendimento médio mensal era cerca de 80 dólares.

Os cidadãos venderam suas casas para investir nos esquemas e os imigrantes que trabalhavam na Grécia e na Itália transferiram recursos adicionais para os esquemas em casa.

Com a quebra das pirâmides a economia entrou em colapso.

Houve uma rebelião generalizada devido a crise na economia popular, queda do governo e pelo menos 10 dias de guerra civil, mais de 3700 mortos e 5000 feridos durante os confrontos.

Foi necessária intervenção internacional para o restabelecimento da ordem. Em 28 de março, a ONU aprovou a resolução n º. 1101 de ajuda humanitária para a Albânia. Em 15 de abril, forças da Operação Alba começaram a chegar na Albânia, cerca de 7000 soldados, sob a direção da Itália vieram a Albânia para restaurar a ordem e a lei.

Foi um momento muito delicado para a Albânia, que em poucas semanas, o Estado passou da decomposição até a anarquia completa, passando pela guerra civil. O governo foi derrubado e cerca de 3700 pessoas foram mortas.[2]

Referências

  1. Anarchy in Albania. New York Times
  2. Christopher Jarvis, The Rise and Fall of Albania's Pyramid Schemes, Finance & Development: A Quarterly Magazine of the IMF, March 2000.
  • Krasniqi, Afrim. Rënia e demokracisë. Tirana 1998.

Bibliografia

  • Baze, Mero. Viti '97: Prapaskenat e Krizës që Rrënuan Shtetin, Tirana: Toena, 2010. ISBN 978-99943-1-650-2
  • Lubonja, Fatos. Nëntëdhjeteshtata, Apokalipsi i Rremë, Tirana: Marin Barleti, 2011.

Read other articles:

Chronologie de la France ◄◄ 1754 1755 1756 1757 1758 1759 1760 1761 1762 ►► Chronologies Joseph Vernet : Première vue du port de Bordeaux : prise du côté des Salinières, 1758, Huile sur toile, 1,65 x 2,63 mDonnées clés 1755 1756 1757  1758  1759 1760 1761Décennies :1720 1730 1740  1750  1760 1770 1780Siècles :XVIe XVIIe  XVIIIe  XIXe XXeMillénaires :-Ier Ier  IIe  IIIe Chronologies thématiques Art Architecture...

 

Jessica MauboyMauboy in 2018BornJessica Hilda Mauboy (1989-08-04) 4 August 1989 (age 34)Darwin, Northern Territory, AustraliaOccupations Singer songwriter actress Years active2003–presentSpouse Themeli Magripilis ​(m. 2022)​Musical careerGenres R&B pop soul funk hip hop dance[1] Instrument(s)VocalsLabels Sony Ministry of Sound Warner Formerly ofYoung DivasWebsitejessicamauboy.com.au Musical artist Jessica Hilda Mauboy (/ˈmaʊbɔɪ/; born ...

 

Japanese manga series Project ARMSFirst tankōbon volume cover, featuring Ryo TakatsukiGenreAction[1]Cyberpunk[1][2] MangaWritten byKyoichi NanatsukiIllustrated byRyōji MinagawaPublished byShogakukanEnglish publisherNA: Viz MediaImprintShōnen Sunday Comics SpecialMagazineWeekly Shōnen SundayDemographicShōnenOriginal runMarch 16, 1997 – April 17, 2002Volumes22 Anime television seriesDirected byHirotoshi Takaya (1–26)Hajime Kamegaki (27–52)P...

Questa voce sull'argomento calciatori danesi è solo un abbozzo. Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. Jørn Bjerregaard Nazionalità  Danimarca Calcio Ruolo Attaccante Carriera Squadre di club1 1962-1966 Aarhus? (?)1966-1972 Rapid Vienna151 (96)1972-1975 Eisenstadt84 (25) Carriera da allenatore 1976-1977 Aarhus 1 I due numeri indicano le presenze e le reti segnate, per le sole partite d...

 

National anthem of Japan KimigayoEnglish: His Imperial Majesty's Reign君(きみ)が代(よ)Score of KimigayoNational anthem of JapanLyricswaka poem, Heian period (794–1185)MusicOriginal version:John William Fenton, 1869Current version:Yoshiisa Oku and Akimori Hayashi(arranged by Franz Eckert), 1880Adopted1869 (original music)1870 (lyrics)3 November 1880 (current music)Readopted13 August 1999 (law)Audio sampleU.S. Navy Band instrumental versionfilehelp 1930 orchestral and choral vocal ...

 

Tim Scott Timothy Eugene Scott (lahir 19 September 1965) adalah seorang Senator Partai Republik[1][2] dan pengusaha Amerika Serikat yang menjabat sebagai Senator Amerika Serikat junior untuk Carolina Selatan sejak 2013. Dipilih oleh Gubernur Nikki Haley, ia memenangkan pemilu istimewa pada 2014 dan terpilih untuk masa jabatan penuh pada 2016. Referensi ^ Guide to the New Congress (PDF). CQ Roll Call. November 4, 2010. hlm. 59. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal July...

Former home of U.S. President James K. Polk and his wife Polk Place in the late 19th century Polk Place was the home of the 11th president of the United States, James K. Polk and his wife Sarah Childress Polk, originally on Vine Street in Nashville, Tennessee, before it was demolished in 1901.[1] History and description Original shown as Grundy Place The home originally called Grundy Place was constructed for Attorney General Felix Grundy between 1815 and 1820 in the Palladian style o...

 

Presiding officer Chair of Los Angeles CountySeal of Los AngelesFlag of Los AngelesIncumbentLindsey Horvathsince December 5, 2023Government of Los Angeles CountyStyleMadam ChairResidenceNoneInaugural holderN/AWebsitehttps://bos.lacounty.gov/ The Chair of the Los Angeles County also called Chair of the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors is responsible for the day-to-day operations of the county government. The chair is the presiding officer for the Los Angeles County Board of Supervi...

 

Ritratto del cardinale Alessandro Farnese, futuro papa Paolo IIIAutoreRaffaello Sanzio Data1509-1511 TecnicaOlio su tavola Dimensioni139×91 cm UbicazioneMuseo nazionale di Capodimonte, Napoli Il Ritratto del cardinale Alessandro Farnese, futuro papa Paolo III è un dipinto olio su tavola (139×91 cm) eseguito da Raffaello, databile tra il 1509 e il 1511 e conservato nel Museo nazionale di Capodimonte a Napoli.[1][2] Indice 1 Storia 2 Descrizione e stile 3 Galleria d'imma...

Play MachinalZita Johann and Clark Gable in the original Broadway production of Machinal (1928)Written bySophie TreadwellDate premieredSeptember 7, 1928Place premieredPlymouth TheatreOriginal languageEnglishGenreExpressionismSettingAn office; a flat; a hotel; a hospital; a speakeasy; a furnished room; a drawing room; a court room; a prison; in the dark Machinal is a 1928 play by American playwright and journalist Sophie Treadwell, inspired by the real-life case of convicted and executed murde...

 

ヨハネス12世 第130代 ローマ教皇 教皇就任 955年12月16日教皇離任 964年5月14日先代 アガペトゥス2世次代 レオ8世個人情報出生 937年スポレート公国(中部イタリア)スポレート死去 964年5月14日 教皇領、ローマ原国籍 スポレート公国親 父アルベリーコ2世(スポレート公)、母アルダその他のヨハネステンプレートを表示 ヨハネス12世(Ioannes XII、937年 - 964年5月14日)は、ロ...

 

Concept in political and social science Several terms redirect here. For other uses, see Class war (disambiguation) and Class Struggle (disambiguation). The Pyramid of Capitalist System visualizes and explains class conflict. Part of a series onPolitical revolution By class Bourgeois Communist Counter-revolutionary Democratic Proletarian By other characteristic Colour From above Nonviolent Passive Permanent Social Wave Methods Boycott Civil disobedience Civil disorder Civil war Class ...

Sudut kota Khmelnytskyi Khmelnytskyi (Ukraina: Хмельницький) merupakan sebuah kota di Ukraina. Kota ini letaknya di bagian tengah. Tepatnya di Oblast Khmelnytskyi. Pada tahun 2005, kota ini memiliki jumlah penduduk sebesar 254.000 jiwa dan memiliki luas wilayah 90 km². Kota ini memiliki angka kepadatan penduduk sebesar 2.822 jiwa/km². Pranala luar Lihat entri Khmelnytskyi di kamus bebas Wiktionary. khmelnytsky.com Diarsipkan 2018-03-29 di Wayback Machine. - Khmelnytskyi Cit...

 

Penembakan Mabes Polri 2021Bagian dari terorisme di IndonesiaMabes Polri pada tahun 2011Mabes PolriPenembakan Mabes Polri 2021 (Jakarta)LokasiJl. Trunojoyo No.3, RT.2/RW.1, Selong, Kebayoran Baru, Jakarta Selatan, JakartaKoordinat6°14′21″S 106°48′5″E / 6.23917°S 106.80139°E / -6.23917; 106.80139Koordinat: 6°14′21″S 106°48′5″E / 6.23917°S 106.80139°E / -6.23917; 106.80139Tanggal31 Maret 2021 (2021-03-31) ±16:30 WIB (...

 

Lija Il-Kunsill Lokali ta' Ħal LijaLocal councilLija Lambang kebesaranMotto: Suave Fructu Rubeo(With Tasty Fruits I Blossom)Country MaltaIslandMaltaBordersAttard, Balzan, Birkirkara, Iklin, Mosta, NaxxarPemerintahan • MayorIan Castaldi Paris (PN)Luas • Total1,1 km2 (4 sq mi)Populasi (March 2011) • Total2.967 • Kepadatan270/km2 (700/sq mi)DemonimLijan (m), Lijana (f), Lijani (pl)Zona waktuUTC+1 (CET) •&#...

artikel ini perlu dirapikan agar memenuhi standar Wikipedia. Tidak ada alasan yang diberikan. Silakan kembangkan artikel ini semampu Anda. Merapikan artikel dapat dilakukan dengan wikifikasi atau membagi artikel ke paragraf-paragraf. Jika sudah dirapikan, silakan hapus templat ini. (Pelajari cara dan kapan saatnya untuk menghapus pesan templat ini) Artikel ini tidak memiliki referensi atau sumber tepercaya sehingga isinya tidak bisa dipastikan. Tolong bantu perbaiki artikel ini dengan menamba...

 

Alcohol ban, 1920–1933 For the prohibition of slavery, see Abolitionism in the United States. Detroit policemen inspect the equipment used in a clandestine brewery during the Prohibition era. Every Day Will Be Sunday When The Town Goes Dry (1919) The Prohibition era was the period from 1920 to 1933 when the United States prohibited the production, importation, transportation, and sale of alcoholic beverages.[1] The alcohol industry was curtailed by a succession of state legislatures...

 

Core group of ancient Hebrew scriptures Tanakh redirects here. For other uses, see Tanakh (disambiguation). This article is about the Jewish text. For other uses, see Old Testament, Bible translations into Hebrew, and Hebrew Bible: A Critical Edition. Hebrew Bibleתַּנַ״ךְ‎, TanakhComplete set of scrolls, constituting the TanakhInformationReligionJudaismChristianityLanguageBiblical HebrewBiblical AramaicPeriod8th/7th centuries BCE – 2nd/1st centuries BCEHebrew Bible at Hebrew W...

Radio station in Bowman, North DakotaKPOKBowman, North DakotaBroadcast areaBowman, North DakotaBowman County, North DakotaFrequency1340 AM kHzBrandingKPOK 1340AMProgrammingFormatCountry[1]AffiliationsUSA Headline NewsOwnershipOwnerAngela L. Headley(JAK Communications, Limited Liability Company)HistoryFirst air dateAugust 9, 1980[2]Former call signsKPOK (1979–Present)[3]Technical information[4]Licensing authorityFCCFacility ID67796ClassCPower1,000 Watts day an...

 

French priest and scholar (1800–1875) Jacques-Paul Migne, engraving by E. Tailland Jacques Paul Migne (French: [miɲ]; 25 October 1800 – 24 October 1875) was a French priest who published inexpensive and widely distributed editions of theological works, encyclopedias, and the texts of the Church Fathers, with the goal of providing a universal library for the Catholic priesthood.[1] The Patrologia Latina and the Patrologia Graeca (along with the Monumenta Germaniae Hist...