Retrato equestre

Retrato equestre de Carlos V, por Ticiano.

Um retrato equestre é um retrato que mostra o sujeito montando um cavalo. Os retratos equestres sugerem uma pessoa de alto status, que em muitos casos era monarca ou outro membro da nobreza, e os retratos também podem remontar a cavalaria medieval.[1][2]

História

Estátuas equestres foram feitas pelo menos já na Roma Antiga e no período helenístico. Imagens do cavaleiro trácio eram recorrentes em relevos e pequenas estátuas entre o século IV a.C. e o século IV dC, especialmente na Trácia e na Mésia.[3][4] A estátua equestre de bronze de Marco Aurélio nos Museus Capitolinos de Roma, da qual uma réplica fica na Piazza del Campidoglio, foi erguida por volta de 176 a.C.[5] Muitas outras estátuas de bronze da época foram derretidas para reutilização. Depois de um período desfavorável, retratos equestres na Europa, incluindo pinturas, desenhos e esculturas, reviveram durante o Renascimento, por volta do século XV. [6]

Exemplos

Muitos retratos equestres foram feitos de monarcas. Ticiano pintou seu retrato equestre de Carlos V em 1548. [7] Antoon van Dyck pintou vários retratos equestres do rei Carlos I da Inglaterra.[8] Os retratos equestres de Napoleão incluem Napoleão cruzando os Alpes (1801–1805), de Jacques-Louis David. [9]

Na iconografia de São Jorge e o dragão, Jorge é frequentemente retratado a cavalo, como na pintura de Rubens, São Jorge e o dragão (1605-1607). O mesmo vale para alguns outros santos guerreiros, incluindo Demétrio de Tessalônica e Teodoro de Amásia, que às vezes são emparelhados com Jorge.[10][11]

Os retratos equestres de cavaleiros incluem os de Don Quixote, um cavaleiro errante ficcional, dos quais existem muitos exemplos, incluindo um famoso esboço de Pablo Picasso, de 1955.

Referências

  1. ↑ «Velázquez, Olivares, and the Baroque Equestrian Portrait». The Burlington Magazine. 123: 528-537. JSTOR 880474 
  2. ↑ «Glossary – Equestrian Portrait». The National Gallery 
  3. ↑ Thracian Rider. Thomson Gale. 2005 
  4. ↑ «Inscriptions and Iconography in the Monuments of the Thracian Rider». Hesperia. 71: 209–229. 2002. JSTOR 3182007. doi:10.2307/3182007 
  5. ↑ «Equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius». Musei Capitolini 
  6. ↑ Baskett, John (2006). The Horse in Art. Yale University Press. [S.l.: s.n.] ISBN 0-300-11740-X 
  7. ↑ «Charles V on Horseback, Titian (c1548)». The Guardian 
  8. ↑ «Charles I (1600–1649) with M. de St Antoine». Royal Collection Trust 
  9. ↑ «What Lies Beneath: Napoleon Leading the Army Over the Alps». Irish Independent 
  10. ↑ Grotowski, Piotr (2010). «Equestrian Equipment». Arms and Armour of the Warrior Saints: Tradition and Innovation in Byzantine Iconography (843–1261). BRILL. [S.l.: s.n.] pp. 379–398. ISBN 978-90-04-19045-0 
  11. ↑ «Note on the Early Iconography of St. George and Related Equestrian Saints in Ethiopia». Journal of Ethiopian Studies. 13: 39–55. JSTOR 44324712 

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