Resfriamento radiante

Resfriamento radiante (português brasileiro) ou Arrefecimento radiante (português europeu) é o processo pelo qual um corpo perde o calor por radiação. No caso do sistema da atmosfera da Terra, ele se refere ao processo pelo qual radiação de grande comprimento de onda, radiação infravermelha, é emitida balanceando a absorção de energia dos comprimentos de onda mais curtos (luz visível) oriundos do Sol.

O processo exato pelo qual a Terra perde calor é mais complexo do que muitas vezes retratado. Em particular, o transporte convectivo de calor, evaporação e transporte de calor latente são todos importantes na remoção de calor da superfície e redistribuindo-o na atmosfera. Puro transporte radiante é mais importante em altitudes superiores. A variação diurna e geográfico complementa a complexidade do quadro.[1][2][3][4][5]

Aplicações

Os pesquisadores desenvolveram um dispositivo de célula solar considerando as limitações da energia solar, aproveitando o resfriamento radiativo, no qual uma superfície voltada para o céu passa seu calor para a atmosfera como radiação térmica, perdendo um pouco de calor para o espaço e atingindo uma temperatura mais baixa do que a vizinhança ar.[6] O dispositivo gera eletricidade suficiente para alimentar um LED à noite.[7]

Ver também

Referências

  1. ↑ Eriksonn, T. S., Granquist C, G., 1982, Radiative cooling computed for model atmospheres. Applied Optics Vol.21 No. 23.
  2. ↑ Goforth, M. A., Gilcrest, G. W., Sirianni, J. D. 2002, Cloud Effects on Thermal Downwelling Sky Radiance. SPIE Vol. 4710.
  3. ↑ Hamberg, I., Svensson, J. S. E. M., Eriksson, T. S., Granquist, C. G., Arrenius, P., Norin, F. 1987, Radiative cooling and frost formation on surfaces with different thermal emittance: theoretical analysis and practical experience. Applied Optics Vol. 26 No. 11.
  4. ↑ Richard P. Allan; Variability in clear-sky longwave radiative cooling of the atmosphere; JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 111, D22105, doi:10.1029/2006JD007304, 2006.
  5. ↑ C.-H. Sui, et al.; Effects of radiative cooling on the tropical convective response to sea surface temperature: 2-D large domain cumulus ensemble simulations; JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 113, D08116, 9 PP., 2008; doi: 10.1029/2007JD008557
  6. ↑ «Device generates light from the cold night sky». ScienceDaily (em inglês). Consultado em 16 de setembro de 2019 
  7. ↑ «A new device generates electricity from darkness, the night sky». Tech Explorist (em inglês). 14 de setembro de 2019. Consultado em 16 de setembro de 2019 

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