Primeira Expedição a Sumatra

Primeira Expedição a Sumatra

U.S. Infantry assaulting the Acehnese forts at Kuala Batu in 1832
Data 6-9 de fevereiro de 1832
Local Kuala Batee, Sultanato de Achém
Desfecho Vitória dos Estados Unidos
Beligerantes
Estados Unidos Estados Unidos
 Países Baixos		 Chefatura de Kuala Batee
Comandantes
Comodoro John Downes
Governador-geral Johannes van den Bosch		 Uleëbalang Po Muhammad
Forças
Terra:
282 marinheiros e
infantaria marinha
Mar:
1 fragata		 Terra:
~500 guerreiros
5 fortes
Mar:
3 proas
Baixas
2 mortes
11 feridos		 ~450 mortos ou feridos
5 fortes destruídos
3 proas afundados

A Primeira Expedição a Sumatra foi uma expedição punitiva da Marinha dos Estados Unidos contra a aldeia de Kuala Batee, atualmente um subdistrito em Aceh do Sudoeste. A represália foi em resposta ao massacre da tripulação do navio cargueiro Friendship um ano antes. A fragata Potomac e sua tripulação derrotaram as forças locais do uleëbalang e bombardearam o assentamento. A expedição foi bem sucedida em cessar os ataques contra as embarcações estadunidenses durante seis anos até que outro navio fosse saqueado sob diferentes circunstâncias, resultando em uma Segunda Expedição a Sumatra em 1838.

História

Antecedente

Em fevereiro de 1831, um navio mercante americano chegou ao porto de Kuala Batu, na costa de Sumatra para embarcar uma carga de pimenta, sendo que um barco malaio se aproximou, aparentemente para entregar uma parte da carga, mas eram piratas que atacaram os oficiais e a tripulação. Segundo Owen Rutter em "The Pirate Wind", todos os americanos a bordo foram mortos e os piratas saquearam o navio e tomaram a sua carga[1], mas segundo Meacham[2] foram mortos apenas o imediato e dois outros tripulantes.

Entretanto, o capitão que tinha ficado na praia, com quatro membros de sua tripulação, conseguiu fugir e com a ajuda de outros navios mercantes americanos conseguiu recuperar o navio.

A Operação

O Presidente Andrew Jackson enviou John Downes em uma expedição punitiva, que realizou-se entre 5 e 9 de fevereiro de 1832[3].

O navio de guerra americano chegou disfarçado como um cargueiro dinamarquês, a fim de manter o elemento de surpresa em seu favor.

O armamento superior dos americanos permitiu o massacre de mais de 300 nativos, enquanto que apenas 2 marines foram mortos.

Ver também

Referências

  1. ↑ The United States attack on Kuala Batu, em inglês, acessado em 21 de junho de 2010
  2. ↑ Jon Meacham American lion: Andrew Jackson in the White House, Random House, 2008, New York, isbn = 1400063256, p 213, em inglês, acessado em 24 de junho de 2010
  3. ↑ "Instances of Use of United States Armed Forces Abroad, 1798-2007" Updated January 14, 2008 Congressional Research Service reports Grimmett, Richard F., p 7, em inglês, acessado em 22 de junho de 2010

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