Potamogetonaceae

Como ler uma infocaixa de taxonomiaPotamogetonaceae
Potamogeton distinctus
Potamogeton distinctus
Classificação científica
Reino: Plantae
Superdivisão: Spermatophyta
Divisão: Magnoliophyta
Classe: Liliopsida
Ordem: Alismatales
Família: Potamogetonaceae

Potamogetonaceae é uma das famílias de monocotiledônea que pertencem á ordem Alismatales. Amplamente distribuída (semicosmopolita), é composta por ervas perenes, aquáticas (lagos rios e outros hábitats de água doce) e são rizomatosas. Apresentam aproximadamente 6 gêneros e 110 espécies confirmados, sendo considerada uma das mais importantes famílias de angiosperma de meio aquático, devido a sua contribuição como alimento e sua utilização por animais aquáticos (Christenhusz & Byng 2016[1]).

Características Morfológicas

São do tipo rizomatosas

Apresentam feixes vasculares reduzidos, geralmente dispostos em anel, com cavidades de ar e podendo apresentar taninos. Pelos ausentes

Alternas e Espiraladas ou Opostas

Laminares ou filiformes

Podem ter lâmina bem desenvolvida

Simples, inteira e com venação paralela ou com uma única nervura mediana invaginantes na base e separada da lâmina (parecendo com uma estípula)

Podem ser heteromórficas

Formas submersas e flutuantes

Apresentam duas ou mais pequenas escamas no nó (dentro da bainha).

Bixessuais

Inflorescências indeterminadas, terminais e axilares (espiciformes na superfície ou elevadas na lâmina d'água)

Aclamídeas

Apresentam um falso perianto tetrâmero, formado pelos apêndices tepalóides.

Androceu com 4 estames e o gineceu com 4 carpelos livres.

Fórmula Floral (sépalas, pétalas, estames, carpelos): [4,0,4,4]

Ovários súpero com placentação basal a apical

1 óvulo (anátropo a ortótropo)

1 Estigma truncado a captado

Grãos de pólen sem abertura (globoso)

Nectários ausentes

Agregado de aquênios ou drupas.

Semente única e sem endosperma.

Ocorrência no Brasil

  • Regiões com ocorrência confirmada[3]:

Norte (Amazonas, Pará)

Nordeste (Alagoas, Bahia, Ceará, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Piauí)

Centro-oeste (Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso)

Sudeste (Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo)

Sul (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina)

  • Domínios Fitogeográficos[3]: Amazônia, Caatinga, Cerrado, Mata Atlântica, Pampa, Pantanal.

Gêneros

  1. Potamogeton
  2. Stuckenia
  3. Zannichellia
  1. Althenia
  2. Groenlandia
  3. Lepilaena
  4. Potamogeton
  5. Stuckenia
  6. Zannichellia

Filogenia

Atualmente incluída em Alismatales, que é considerada uma ordem basal dentre as monocotiledôneas é o maior grupo monofilético de angiospermas de meio aquático, atualmente com 14 famílias.[5][6] Sendo elas: Alismataceae Vent., Aponogetonaceae J. Agardh, Araceae Juss., Cymodoceaceae N. Taylor, Butomaceae Mirb, Hydrocharitaceae Juss., Juncaginaceae Rich., Limnocharitaceae Takht. ex Cronquist, Posidoniaceae Hutch., Potamogetonaceae Rchb., Ruppiaceae Horan., Scheuchzeriaceae F. Rudolphi, Tofieldiaceae Takht. e Zosteraceae Dumort.[7]

Referências

  1. Christenhusz, Maarten J. M.; Byng, James W. (20 de maio de 2016). «The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase». Phytotaxa (em inglês). 261 (3): 201–217. ISSN 1179-3163. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1 
  2. a b c d e JUDD, W. S. et. al. (2009). Sistemática vegetal: um enfoque filogenético. 3ª ed. Porto Alegre: Artmed. 612 páginas 
  3. a b c «Detalha Taxon Publico». floradobrasil.jbrj.gov.br. Consultado em 30 de janeiro de 2017 
  4. «World Checklist of Selected Plant Families: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew». apps.kew.org (em inglês). Consultado em 31 de janeiro de 2017 
  5. CHASE, Mark W. (2004). «Monocot relationships: an overview» (PDF). American Journal of Botany. 91 (10): 1645-1655. Consultado em 1 de janeiro de 2017 
  6. II, AGP; et al. (2003). «An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG II». Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 141 (4): 399-436 
  7. Pereira, Nunes, Elaine Lopes (23 de junho de 2009). «Desenvolvimento do Androceu e Gineceu em tres espécies de Potamogeton L.(Potamogetonaceae, Alismatales)» (em inglês) 

Ligações externas

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