Padrão aberto

Padrões abertos, do inglês open standard, são padrões disponíveis para livre acesso e implementação, sem cobrança de royalties e outras taxas e sem discriminação de uso.[1] Como por exemplo o XML, padrão de marcação da W3C.[2]

Requisitos

Para que um produto de software seja considerado como um Padrão Aberto este deve atender a 4 fatores[3]:

  1. Disponibilidade: As especificações do padrão devem estar publicamente acessíveis para qualquer pessoa ou organização que queria estudar ou implementar o padrão.
  2. Não possuir discriminação: Padrões Abertos não devem estabelecer nenhum critério de favorecimento ou discriminação por parte de seus implementadores.
  3. Extensibilidade: Implementações de padrões abertos devem permitir extensões ou oferecer apenas um subset, se cabível.
  4. Sem Royalties: Para um padrão ser aberto, não deve ser cobrado royalties ou outras taxas para implementação e uso.

O propósito da utilização de padrões abertos é garantir a interoperabilidade entre aplicações e plataformas.

Exemplo

Exemplo de um padrão aberto de software:

XML é um padrão aberto, regulado pela W3C (w3.org), ou seja, qualquer um é livre para:

  • Estudar sua especificação;
  • Desenvolver e publicar melhorias;
  • Implementar um parser XML, sem custos;
  • Implementar um interpretador XML, sem custos;
  • Implementar um interpretador de namespaces (NS) XML, sem custos;
  • Utilizar XML para quaisquer fins, sem nenhum impedimento.

Notas e referências

  1. ↑ SIMCOE, Tim. Chapter 8: Open Standards and Intellectual Property Rights - University of Toronto
  2. ↑ a b Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 (Fifth Edition): W3C Recommendation 26 November 2008 - W3C
  3. ↑ Defining "Free and Open Standard" - Digital Standards Organization

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