Orgia

 Nota: Para o álbum de Johnny Hooker, veja ØRGIA.
Cena dionisíaca em um sarcófago do século III

Orgia (em grego clássico: ὄργιον, orgion, mais usado no plural orgia) era uma forma de adoração extática característica de algumas religiões de mistérios.[1] Posteriormente, o termo adquiriu outras conotações, como: festim licencioso; confusão; desperdício;[2] prática sexual entre cinco pessoas ou mais.

História

A orgia era, originalmente, uma cerimônia de culto a Dionísio (ou Zagreu), celebrada amplamente na Arcádia, com danças de mascarados, tochas e sacrifício de animais de modo aleatório para evocar o próprio sofrimento do deus nas mãos dos Titãs.[3][4] A orgia que explica o papel dos Titãs no desmembramento de Dionísio supostamente foi composta por Onomácrito.[5] A arte da Grécia Antiga, bem como alguns textos patrísticos, indicam que as orgias envolviam cobras.[6]

A orgia pode ter tido manifestações anteriores ao culto de mistérios formais, como sugerido pelos ritos violentamente extáticos descritos na mitologia grega, como o celebrado por Átis em honra de Cibele, e reflecte-se na autocastração voluntária de seus sacerdotes no período histórico. A orgia tanto do culto dionisíaco quanto do culto a Cibele visavam a quebrar barreiras entre os celebrantes e a divindade através de um estado de exaltação mística.[7]

Ver também

Referências

  1. ↑ Georg Luck, Arcana Mundi: Magic and the Occult in the Greek and Roman Worlds (Johns Hopkins University Press, 1985, 2006, 2nd ed.), p. 504.
  2. ↑ FERREIRA, A. B. H. Novo dicionário da língua portuguesa. 2ª edição. Rio de Janeiro. Nova Fronteira. 1986. p. 1 232.
  3. ↑ Madeleine Jost, "Mystery Cults in Arcadia," in Greek Mysteries: The Archaeology and Ritual of Ancient Greek Secret Cults Routledge, 2003), pp. 144–164.
  4. ↑ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). «Orgy». Encyclopædia Britannica (em inglês) 11.ª ed. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. (atualmente em domínio público) 
  5. ↑ Fritz Graf; Sarah Iles Johnston. Ritual Texts for the Afterlife: Orpheus and the Bacchic Gold Tablets. Routledge; 2013. ISBN 978-1-136-75079-3. p. 70.
  6. ↑ Jacquelyn Collins-Clinton, A Late Antique Shrine of Liber Pater at Cosa (Brill, 1976), pp. 33–34. Entre os Padres da Igreja veja Arnobius, Adversus Nationes 5.19; Clemente de Alexandria, Protrepticus 2.12.2; Firmicus Maternus, De errore profanarum religionum 6.
  7. ↑ Giulia Sfameni Gasparro, Soteriology and Mystic Aspects in the Cult of Cybele and Attis (Brill, 1985), p. 53 and 11–19.

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