Museu Rockefeller

Museu Rockefeller
Museu Rockefeller
Tipo museu, museu de arqueologia
Inauguração 1930 (94 anos)
Operador(a) Museu de Israel
https://www.imj.org.il/he/wings/archaeology/מוזיאון-רוקפלר-לארכאולוגיה Página oficial (Website)
Geografia
Coordenadas 31° 47' 4" N 35° 14' 9" E
Mapa
Localidade Bab az-Zahira
Localização Jerusalém - Israel
Patrimônio heritage site in Israel


O Museu Rockefeller, formalmente conhecido como Museu Palestino Arqueológico, é um museu arqueológico localizado no Leste de Jerusalém que guarda uma larga coleção de artefa(c)tos descobertos em escavações conduzidas durante o início da Palestina no final do século XIX. O prédio do museu também é o quartel general da Autoridade Israelense de Antiguidades.

História

Antes do estabelecimento do Museu Rockefeller, o Departamento Britânico de Antiguidades e a Escola Britânica de Arqueologia estavam alojados em um prédio antigo em Jerusalém, com uma pequena sala de exposições. O único outro museu arqueológico da época era o Museu Bíblico Franciscano, construído em 1902.[1]

Museu Rockefeller, Jerusalém

Em 1906, o Fundo Nacional Judaico começou a negociar a compra do Karm el-Sheikh, um terreno voltado para o canto nordeste das muralhas da Cidade Velha, para abrigar a Escola de Arte e Artesanato Bezalel. O fundador da escola, Boris Schatz, imaginou um museu e uma universidade com vista para o Monte do Templo.[2] Em 1919, o urbanista Patrick Geddes propôs a criação de um museu de antiguidades neste local. Para promover o projeto, as autoridades do Mandato propuseram um imposto especial sobre o turismo em 1924.[1]

Visitando a Palestina Obrigatória em 1925, durante os dias do Mandato Britânico, James Henry Breasted, fundador e diretor do Instituto Oriental da Universidade de Chicago, reconheceu a necessidade de um museu arqueológico em Jerusalém para abrigar importantes descobertas regionais.[3] Encorajado por Lord Plumer, o Alto Comissário Britânico, Breasted se aproximou do filantropo americano John D. Rockefeller Jr., que concordou em doar dois milhões de dólares para o projeto. Anteriormente, ele se ofereceu para construir um museu arqueológico no Cairo, Egito,[4] mas ele foi recusado, possivelmente devido à pressão do governo britânico, que estava ansioso para impedir que os Estados Unidos estabelecessem uma posição na região.

Exibições

O museu recebe regularmente exposições especiais, como a exposição 2019/20 de cerâmica armênia em Jerusalém.[5]

Referências

  1. ↑ a b Rockefeller Museum: Historic Background
  2. ↑ West Meets East: The Story of Rockefeller Museum
  3. ↑ Israel Antiquities Authority: Rockefeller Museum
  4. ↑ Kletter, Raz (2006). Just Past? The Making of Israeli archaeology. London/Oakville: Equinox Publishing Limited. p. 174. ISBN 1-84553-085-3 
  5. ↑ «A Tantalizing Tour of Jerusalem's Magical Armenian Tiles». Haaretz. 11 de dezembro de 2009. Consultado em 3 de janeiro de 2020 

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