Montgomery (Alabama)

Montgomery
Capital e cidade do Alabama
Do topo, da esquerda para a direita: Capitólio Estadual do Alabama, Dexter Avenue Baptist Church, Frank M. Johnson Jr. Federal Building and United States Courthouse e First White House of the Confederacy
Do topo, da esquerda para a direita: Capitólio Estadual do Alabama, Dexter Avenue Baptist Church, Frank M. Johnson Jr. Federal Building and United States Courthouse e First White House of the Confederacy
Do topo, da esquerda para a direita: Capitólio Estadual do Alabama, Dexter Avenue Baptist Church, Frank M. Johnson Jr. Federal Building and United States Courthouse e First White House of the Confederacy
Bandeira de Montgomery
Bandeira
Lema "Capital of Dreams"
("Capital dos Sonhos")
Apelido(s) "The Gump", "Birthplace of the Civil Rights Movement”, "Cradle of the Confederacy"
Localização
Localização no condado de Montgomery
Localização no condado de Montgomery
Localização no condado de Montgomery
Montgomery está localizado em: Estados Unidos
Montgomery
Localização nos Estados Unidos
Montgomery está localizado em: Alabama
Montgomery
Localização no Alabama
Mapa
Mapa de Montgomery
Coordenadas 32° 21′ 42″ N, 86° 16′ 45″ O
País Estados Unidos
Estado Alabama
Condado Montgomery
História
Fundação 1814 (211 anos)
Incorporação 3 de dezembro de 1819 (205 anos)
Nomeado por Richard Montgomery
Administração
Prefeito Steven Reed (D) (desde 12 de novembro de 2019)
Características geográficas
Área total 420,25 km²
 • Área seca 414,26 km²
 • Área molhada 6,00 km²
População total (2010) [1] 205 764 hab.
 • Estimativa (2019) 198 525
 • População urbana 263 907
 • População metropolitana 373 225
Densidade 489,6 hab./km²
Altitude 73 m
Fuso horário UTC−6
Horário de verão UTC−5
ZIP Codes 36013, 36043, 36064, 36104, 36105, 36106, 36107, 36108, 36109, 36110, 36111, 36112, 36113, 36115, 36116, 36117
Códigos da área 334
Outras informações
Código FIPS 01-51000
Código GNIS 165344
Aeroporto principal MGM
Interestaduais
Sítio www.montgomeryal.gov

Montgomery é a capital do estado norte-americano do Alabama e sede do Condado de Montgomery. Foi fundada em 1814 com a designação de Fort Montgomery e incorporada como cidade em 3 de dezembro de 1819, tornando-se a capital do estado em 6 de dezembro de 1847. Foi também a capital dos Estados Confederados da América entre 4 de fevereiro e 20 de maio de 1861.

Entre 1955 e 1956 aconteceu em Montgomery um boicote anti-segregacionista que desencadeou o movimento dos direitos civis dos afro-americanos.

História

Antes da colonização européia, a margem esquerda do rio Alabama era habitada pela tribo Alibamu dos nativos americanos. Eles falavam línguas Muskogean mutuamente inteligíveis, que estavam intimamente relacionados. Nos dias atuais Montgomery é situada no local de duas cidades: Ikanatchati e Towassa. Os primeiros europeus a viajar pelo centro de Alabama foram Hernando de Soto e sua expedição, que passou por Ikanatchati e acamparam durante uma semana em Towassa em 1540.

Entre fevereiro e maio de 1861, Montgomery foi a capital dos Estados Confederados da América. Em abril de 1865, o general James H. Wilson marchou com suas tropas sobre a cidade e tomou a região com poucas dificuldades em nome da União.

Geografia

De acordo com o United States Census Bureau, a cidade tem uma área de 420,2 km², dos quais 414,3 km² estão cobertos por terra e 6 km² por água.[1]

Demografia

Crescimento populacional
Censo Pop. %±
18402 179—
18508 728300,6%
18608 8431,3%
187010 58819,7%
188016 71357,8%
189021 88330,9%
190030 34638,7%
191038 13625,7%
192043 46414,0%
193066 07952,0%
194078 08418,2%
1950106 52536,4%
1960134 39326,2%
1970133 386−0,7%
1980177 85733,3%
1990187 1065,2%
2000201 5687,7%
2010205 7642,1%
Fonte: US Census[1][2]

Segundo o censo nacional de 2010,[1] sua população é de 205 764 habitantes e sua densidade populacional é de 489,6 hab/km². A cidade possui 92 115 residências, que resulta em uma densidade de 222,9 residências/km². É a segunda cidade mais populosa do estado.

Marcos históricos

A relação a seguir lista as 63 entradas do Registro Nacional de Lugares Históricos em Montgomery. O primeiro marco foi designado em 15 de outubro de 1966 e o mais recente em 23 de julho de 2020.[3] Aqueles marcados com ‡ também são um Marco Histórico Nacional.

  • Alabama State University Historic District
  • Bell Building
  • Brame House
  • Bricklayers Hall
  • Building 800-Austin Hall
  • Building 836-Community College of the Air Force Building
  • Capitólio Estadual do Alabama‡
  • Cassimus House
  • City of St. Jude Historic District
  • Cleveland Court Apartments 620-638
  • Cloverdale Historic District
  • Cottage Hill Historic District
  • Court Square Historic District
  • Dexter Avenue Baptist Church‡
  • Dowe Historic District
  • Dr. C. A. Thigpen House
  • Edgewood
  • First White House of the Confederacy
  • Garden District
  • Gay House
  • Gerald-Dowdell House
  • Gov. Thomas G. Jones House
  • Grove Court Apartments
  • Harrington Archaeological Site
  • Huntingdon College Campus Historic District
  • Jefferson Davis Hotel
  • Jefferson Franklin Jackson House
  • Jere Shine Site
  • Lower Commerce Street Historic District
  • Mansão do governador do Alabama
  • Maxwell Air Force Base Senior Officer's Quarters Historic District
  • McBryde-Screws-Tyson House
  • Montgomery Greyhound Bus Station
  • Montgomery Union Station and Trainshed‡
  • Montgomery Veterans Administration Hospital Historic District
  • Mt. Zion AME Zion Church
  • Muklassa
  • Old Ship African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church
  • Opp Cottage
  • Ordeman-Shaw Historic District
  • Patrick Henry Brittan House
  • Pastorium, Dexter Avenue Baptist Church
  • Pepperman House
  • Perry Street Historic District
  • Powder Magazine
  • Sayre Street School
  • Scott Street Firehouse
  • Semple House
  • Shepherd Building
  • Smith-Joseph-Stratton House
  • South Perry Street Historic District
  • St. John's Episcopal Church
  • Stay House
  • Steiner-Lobman and Teague Hardware Buildings
  • Stone Plantation
  • The Murphy House
  • Tulane Building
  • Tyson-Maner House
  • United States Post Office and Courthouse-Montgomery‡
  • Wharton-Chappell House
  • William Lowndes Yancey Law Office‡
  • Winter Building
  • Winter Place

Referências

  1. ↑ a b c d «GCT-PH1 - Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - State -- Place and (in selected states) County Subdivision» (em inglês). United States Census Bureau. Consultado em 21 de setembro de 2011 
  2. ↑ «GCT-PH1-R - Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density (geographies ranked by total population): 2000 - Geography: State -- County - State -- Place and (in selected states) County Subdivision» (em inglês). United States Census Bureau. Consultado em 21 de setembro de 2011 
  3. ↑ «Weekly List 20200724» (em inglês). Serviço Nacional de Parques. Consultado em 16 de agosto de 2020 

Ligações externas

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