Mesquita congregacional

 Nota: "Jama Masjid" redireciona para este artigo. Para a mesquita de Deli, veja Jama Masjid (Deli).
A Jama Masjid de Deli, Índia

Uma mesquita congregacional, mesquita de sexta-feira[1] ou jami masjid é a mesquita principal ou maior duma cidade, na qual se realiza a Jumu'ah (oração especial do meio dia de sexta-feira). Quando não há musalas ou eidgahs[nt 1] nas imediações, as orações Eid (Șālat al-’Īdayn), de celebração do Eid al-Fitr (fim do jejum do Ramadão) e do Eid al-Adha (festa do sacrifício) são também realizadas nessas mesquitas.

O termo jama masjid provém do persa masjed-e jame (مسجد جامع) e do árabe masjid jāmi‘ (مَسْجِد جَامِع‎), que significam "mesquita congregacional". Em árabe, o termo é simplificado para jāmi‘ (جَامِع). Em países não árabes, a palavra jāmi‘ ("que se junta, congrega or reúne") é frequentemente fundido com outra palavra árabe com a mesma raiz, jumu‘ah (جُمُعَة; "ajuntamento" ou "reunião"), um termo que se refere às orações do meio dia de sexta-feira ou ao próprio dia de sexta-feira (يَوْم الْجُمُعَة‎,; yawm al-jumu‘ah; lit.: "dia de assembleia").[2] Isto porque as orações Jumu'ah requerem congregações e só são realizadas em mesquitas congregacionais, que usualmente são as mesquitas principais ou centrais duma cidade, daí também ser por vezes conhecidas como mesquitas de sexta-feira.[1]

É comum o nome das principais mesquitas dum cidade ser Jami Masjid ou uma variante disso resultante da transliteração na língua local, como Jama Majid, Mesquita Jami, Mesquita Jamia, Mesquita Jameh, etc., e que o nome dessas mesquitas em línguas europeias seja Grande Mesquita.

Notas

  • Este artigo foi inicialmente traduzido, total ou parcialmente, do artigo da Wikipédia em inglês cujo título é «Jama masjid», especificamente desta versão.
  1. ↑ As musalas (muṣallá) são espaços abertos fora duma mesquita usados para orações, especialmente as realizadas durante as celebrações do Eid al-Fitr e do Eid al-Adha. Os eidgahs são recintos ao ar livre, geralmente fora dos centros urbanos ou nos arredores especialmente dedicados às orações Eid, que existem na Ásia Meridional.

Referências

  1. ↑ a b Balkh, UNESCO, arquivado do original em 22 de abril de 2019 
  2. ↑ Alcorão 62:9–11; Alcorão 62:10–11

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