Mediastino

Mediastino

Mediastino.

Mediastino. A divisão entre superior e inferior está no ângulo esternal.
Identificadores
Gray pág.1090

O mediastino é uma das três cavidades em que está dividida a cavidade torácica. É o espaço entre as regiões pleuropulmonares e se estende no sentido crânio-caudal da abertura torácica superior (ou anterior) ao diafragma.

O mediastino contém: o coração, as partes torácicas dos grandes vasos e outras estruturas importantes (por exemplo, as partes torácicas da traqueia, do esôfago, o timo, a parte do sistema nervoso autônomo e sistema linfático).

O mediastino compreende em um superior, acima do nível do pericárdio, e três divisões inferiores, denominadas anterior, média e posterior. O mediastino médio contém o pericárdio e o coração. O mediastino anterior está localizado anteriormente ao pericárdio e posteriormente ao corpo do esterno, sendo a menor subdivisão mediastinal. O mediastino posterior está situado posteriormente ao pericárdio. Contém entre outras estruturas o esôfago e a aorta torácica. O mediastino superior contém o esôfago e a traqueia posteriormente e anteriormente o timo e entre eles os grandes vasos relacionados ao coração e ao pericárdio

1. A mediastinoscopia é o procedimento cirúrgico que explora o mediastino superior.
2. A mediastinoscopia é utilizada como método diagnóstico de patologias tumorais e no estadiamento do carcinoma de pulmão.

Limites

- Superior : Opérculo Torácico

- Inferior : Diafragma Torácico

- Anterior : Plano Esterno condrocostal interno

- Laterais : Pleuras mediastínicas

- Posterior : Coluna Torácica

Imagens adicionais

  • Coração e pulmões
    Coração e pulmões
  • Corte coronal, mostrando o coração entre os pulmões no mediastino.
    Corte coronal, mostrando o coração entre os pulmões no mediastino.

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