Loa loa

Como ler uma infocaixa de taxonomiaLoa loa

Classificação científica
Reino: Animalia
Filo: Nematoda
Classe: Chromadorea
Ordem: Spirurida
Superfamília: Filarioidea
Família: Onchocercidae
Género: Loa
Espécie: L. loa
Nome binomial
Loa loa
(Cobbold, 1864)

Loa loa é uma espécie de nematódeo do gênero Loa causador de um tipo de filaríase, especificamente denominada loaíase. Estes vermes estabelecem-se em pares, macho e fêmea, nos vasos linfáticos, podendo causar entumescências devidas à deficiente drenagem da linfa. Os vermes adultos produzem sexualmente inúmeras larvas microscópicas que migram pelo corpo, e são sugadas pelas moscas, transmissoras do sangue. A passagem dessas larvas pode dar diversos sintomas (veja filaríase). É comum as larvas migrarem de forma visível pelo branco (conjuntiva) do olho, donde vem o seu nome alternativo de "larva do olho". É transmitida pela picada das moscas gigantes da família Tabanidae, especialmente as do género Crysops. Existe na África tropical. O tratamento é com dietilcarbamazina e cirurgia.

Biologia

Morfologia

Os vermes Loa loa possuem um corpo simples consistindo de cabeça, corpo, e cauda. Os machos variam de 20mm a 34mm de comprimento e 350μm a 430μm de largura. As fêmeas variam de 20mm a 70 mm de comprimento e podem ter uma largura de cerca de 425μm. Eles variam em cores.

Ciclo de vida

Três espécies envolvidas no ciclo de vida incluindo o parasita Loa loa, a mosca vetor, e o hospedeiro humano.[1]

  • Uma mosca vetor morde um hospedeiro humano infectado e ingere microfilárias.
  • Microfilárias movem-se para o corpo gordo do inseto hospedeiro.
  • As Microfilárias se desenvolvem em larvas de primeiro estágio, segundo estágio, e então em larvas de terceiro estágio.
  • Larvas de terceiro estágio (infecciosas) viajam para a probóscide da mosca.
  • Uma mosca vetor infectada morde um hospedeiro humano não infectado e as larvas do terceiro estágio penetram na pele e entram no tecido subcutâneo humano.
  • Larvas amadurecem em adultos, que produzem microfilárias que foram encontradas no líquido espinhal, na urina, sangue periférico e pulmões.

Referências

  1. ↑ «"Filariasis". Parasites and Health. Center for Disease Control.» 
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