Liberdade política

A Estatua da Liberdade,ícone da liberdade e dos Estados Unidos

Liberdade política (também conhecida como autonomia política ou ação política) é um conceito central na história ocidental e do pensamento político e uma das características mais importantes (reais ou ideais) das sociedades democráticas.[1] Ela foi descrita como uma relação livre de opressão[2] ou coerção;[3] a ausência de condições incapacitantes para o indivíduo e para o cumprimento de condições propícias;[4] ou a ausência de condições vividas de compulsão, por exemplo, compulsão econômica, em uma sociedade.[5] Embora a liberdade política seja muitas vezes interpretada negativamente, como a liberdade de restrições externas irracionais sobre a ação,[6] também pode se referir ao exercício positivo de direitos, capacidades e possibilidades de ação, e o exercício de direitos sociais ou de grupos.[7] O conceito também pode incluir a liberdade de restrições "internas" sobre a ação política ou da fala (por exemplo, conformidade social, de consistência, ou de comportamento "inautêntico").[8] O conceito de liberdade política está intimamente ligado com os conceitos de liberdades civis e direitos humanos, que em sociedades democráticas são normalmente oferecidas a proteção legal do Estado.

Referências

  1. ↑ Arendt, Hannah. "What is Freedom?", Between Past and Future: Eight Exercises in Political Thought, (Nova Iorque: Penguin, 1993).
  2. ↑ Marion Young, Iris. "Five Faces of Oppression", Justice and the Politics of Difference" (Princeton University press, 1990), 39-65.
  3. ↑ Sandel, Michael. Justice: What's the Right Thing to Do? (Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010).
  4. ↑ Sen, Amartya. Development as Freedom (Anchor Books, 2000).
  5. ↑ Marx, Karl, "Trabalho alienado" em Early Writings.
  6. ↑ Berlin, Isaiah, Liberty (Oxford 2004).
  7. ↑ Taylor, Charles, "What's Wrong With Negative Liberty?", Philosophy and the Human Sciences: Philosophical Papers (Cambridge, 1985), 211-29.
  8. ↑ Waldo Emerson, Ralph. "Self-Reliance"; Nikolas Kompridis, "Struggling Over the Meaning of Recognition: A Matter of Identity, Justice or Freedom?" em European Journal of Political Theory Julho de 2007 vol. 6 nº. 3 277-289.

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