Leonardo Peñafiel y Araújo

Leonardo Peñafiel y Araújo, foi um jesuíta que nasceu em 1597, em Riobamba (Chimborazo - Equador - Vice-Reino do Peru), e faleceu em 02 de novembro de 1657, em Sucre (Chuquisaca - Bolívia).

Biografia

Filho do capitão Alonso Peñafiel, que foi corregedor de Quito e Riobamba; e de Lorenza Araújo, oriunda de Lima (Peru)[1].

Seu pai era oriundo da Espanha, que antes de chegar ao Vice-Reino do Peru, esteve no Vice-Reino da Nova Espanha (atualmente México). Chegou ao Vice-reino do Peru em meados do Século XVI. Participou da guerra contra Hernández Girón, um encomendero que havia ser rebelado contra o poder real e depois foi transferido para a Audiência de Quito. Juntamente com Lorenza Araújo, teve quatro filhos: Alonso, Leonardo, Antônio e Luís. Os três primeiros ingressariam na Companhia de Jesus.

Seguindo os passos de seu irmão mais velho, Alonso Peñafiel y Araujo, ingressou em um noviciado da Companhia de Jesus em Quito (Equador), no dia 8 de maio de 1614.

Depois do noviciado, foi para o Colégio San Pablo, em Lima (Peru), onde conclui a preparação para a ordenação sacerdotal, que ocorreu em 1625.

Tornou-se doutor em teologia pela Universidade San Marcos de Lima.

Entre 1630 e 1637, foi professor de filosofia e teologia no Colégio dos jesuítas em Cuzco (Peru), onde, em 25 novembro de 1633, fez a terceira provação.

Entre 1637 e 1650, foi professor de teologia no Colégio San Pablo e na Universidade San Marcos, em Lima.

A partir de 1650, foi mestre de noviços e reitor do noviciado de San Antonio Abad em Cuzco.

No dia 1º de maio de 1656, foi nomeado como Provincial do Peru, tendo sido o primeiro nascido na América a ocupar esse cargo.

Morreu em 1657, enquanto realizava uma visita à Sucre.

Escreveu três tratados de teologia, publicados após sua morte:

  • "De Deo Uno" (Lyón, 1663);
  • "De Deo Uno et Trino" (Lyón, 1666);
  • "De incamatione Verbi Divini" (Lyón, 1668)[2].

Há manuscritos de Leonardo Peñafiel que foram conservados na Biblioteca Nacional de Lima, tais como:

  • "Commentaria in Aristóteles Metaphysicam" (1632)[3];
  • "Dispvtationvm Theologicarvm, in Primam Partem Divi Thomae, Tomvs Primvs de Deo Vno";
  • "De Deo Vno et Trino Tomvs Secvndvs";
  • "Dispvtationes Scholasticae, et Morales de virtvte Fidei Divinae, Deque infedilitate, Haeresi, & poenis Haereticorum, Opvs dvplici locupletatvm Indice";
  • "Tractatvs de Incarnatione Verbi Divini: Opus Posthumum locupletissimis Indicibus Refertum, Tomus Quartus";
  • "Virtud de la fé divina"[4].

Aprovou a impressão de obras como:

Referências

  1. ↑ Alonso de Peñafiel y Araujo, em espanhol, acesso em 10 de novembro de 2018.
  2. ↑ Leonardo Peñafiel Araujo, SJ, em espanhol, acesso em 21 de outubro de 2018.
  3. ↑ Trata-se de um manuscrito com mais de 360 folhas.
  4. ↑ Leonardo Peñafiel y Araujo, acesso em 10 de novembro de 2018.
  5. ↑ Sobre la Escolástica virreinal peruana: el P. Leonardo de Peñafiel, comentarista de Aristóteles (1632), em espanhol, acesso em 10 de novembro de 2018.

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