Katas do judô

Katas do judô é o conjunto das técnicas fundamentais, um método de estudo especial, para transmitir a técnica, o espírito e a finalidade do judô. Segundo o mestre Jigoro Kano: "Os katas são a estética do judô, sem o qual é impossível compreender o alcance." O kata oferece ao randori as razões fundamentais de cada técnica.

O kata foi desenvolvido com o propósito de ensinar os aspectos básicos das técnicas do judô e sua etiqueta apropriada. É através dos katas que o uke e o tori podem trabalhar juntos a melhora da fluência e dos movimentos do judoka.

Os katas são divididos de acordo com as habilidades e técnicas do judô a serem ensinadas, totalizando oito katas.

  • Nage-no-kata: formas fundamentais de projeção
  • Katame-no-kata: formas fundamentais de domínio no solo
  • Kime-no-kata: formas fundamentais de combate real
  • Ju-no-kata: formas de agilidade aplicadas em ataque e defesa, utilizando a energia de forma mais suave e flexível
  • Koshiki-no-kata: formas antigas é o kata da antiga escola do Jiu-Jitsu. Executava-se antigamente com armadura de samurai
  • Itsutsu-no-kata: são cinco formas de técnicas. Expressão teórica do judô baseado na natureza
  • Seiryoku-zenko-kokumin-taiiku-no-kata: é uma forma de educação física, baseada sobre o princípio da máxima eficácia, visa o treino completo do corpo
  • Kodokan goshin-jutsu: técnicas de autodefesa.
  • Kodomo-no-kata: kata dedicado ao ensino dos fundamentos do Judô às crianças.

Forma de execução

Os dois judocas executam com extrema seriedade, concentração mental é muito importante.

Inicialmente cumprimentam o joseki ou shomen (lugar de honra, mesa central) na posição de tati-rei, voltando em seguida um para o outro para se saudarem mutuamente em za-rei, levantam-se e avançam um passo iniciando com o pé esquerdo.

Em seguida partindo em ayumi-ashi avançam um para o outro e inicia-se o kata. Todas as projeções são feitas para o lado direito e esquerdo do uke.

Voltado para o shomen, o tori fica à esquerda e o uke à direita. Normalmente em sutemi-waza, o uke se levanta por zempo-kaitem-ukemi, exceto no ura-nage e yoko-gake.

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