Karel Kosík

Karel Kosík
Karel Kosík
Nascimento 26 de junho de 1926
Praga
Morte 21 de fevereiro de 2003 (76 anos)
Praga
Cidadania Chéquia
Cônjuge Růžena Grebeníčková
Filho(a)(s) Antonín Kosík, Irena Kosíková
Alma mater
Ocupação escritor, filósofo, pedagogo, professor universitário, sociólogo
Distinções
  • Medalha Artis Bohemiae Amicis (2001)
  • Medal of Merit, 1st class
Empregador(a) Universidade Carolina

Karel Kosik (26 de Junho de 1926 – 11 de Fevereiro de 2003) foi um militante e filósofo marxista de origem tcheca. É um dos discípulos de Georg Lukács. Uma das suas principais e notáveis obras é o livro Dialética do Concreto, publicado em 1963.

De 1 de setembro de 1943 até sua prisão pela Gestapo em 17 de novembro de 1944, durante a ocupação nazista da Tchecoslováquia, ele participou de um grupo comunista de resistência antinazi chamado "Předvoj" (A Vanguarda) e foi um editor-chefe de um jornal ilegal "Boj mladých" (A luta da juventude). Após a sua prisão Kosík foi acusado de alta traição. De 30 de janeiro até 5 de maio 1945 ele foi permaneceu preso no campo de concentração de Theresienstadt.

De 1945 a 1947, Kosík estudou filosofia e sociologia na Universidade Carolina de Praga. Nos anos 1947-1949 ele também participou de cursos na Universidade de Leningrado e na Universidade de Moscou na URSS. Em 1963 ele publicou sua obra Dialética do Concreto, onde trabalha diversas categorias marxistas em termos de uma fenomenologia humanista, que lhe valeu uma reputação internacional como um dos mais importantes filósofos do marxismo humanista. Durante a "Primavera de Praga" de 1968 Kosík foi uma das principais vozes do socialismo democrático (juntamente com Ivan Svitak, outro marxista humanista proeminente da Tchecoslováquia). Este engajamento político levou à demissão de Kosík do trabalho universitário em 1970, após o final do período de democratização. Ele permaneceu desempregado até 1990, quando retornou à vida pública intelectual como um dos poucos críticos sociais proeminentes de esquerda na Europa Central.

Bibliografia

Principais trabalhos

  • Česká radikální demokracie (Democracia Radical Tcheca), Praga 1958
  • Dialektika konkrétního (Dialética do Concreto), Praga 1963, 1965, 1966
         o Tradução Inglesa: Dialectics of the Concrete, Dordrecht 1976
         o Tradução Francesa: La Dialectique du concret, Paris 1970, 1978
         o Tradução Italiana: Dialettica del concreto, Milano 1965, 1972
         o Tradução Japonesa: Tokio 1977
         o Tradução Alemã: Die Dialektik des Konkreten, Frankfurt am Main 1967, 1970, 1971, 1973, 1976
         o Tradução Espanhola: Dialéctica de lo concreto, México 1967
         o Tradução Catalã: Dialèctica del concret, Barcelona 1970
    • Tradução em língua portuguesa: Dialética do Concreto, Rio de Janeiro 1969, 1976, 1985, Lisboa 1977
         o Tradução Grega: Η διαλεκτική του συγκεκριμένου, Αθήνα 1975
         o Tradução Eslovena: Dialektika konkretnega, Ljubljana 1967
         o Tradução Servo-Croata: Dijalektika konkretnog, Beograd 1967
         o Tradução Sueca: Det konkretas dialektik, 197
  • Moral und Gesellschaft (Moral e Sociedade), Frankfurt am Mein 1968, 1970
  • La nostra crisi attuale (Nossa crise atual), Roma 1969, Barcelona 1971
  • Století Markéty Samsové (Marketa Samsova's Century), 1993, 1995
  • Jinoch a smrt (O Jovem e a morte), Praga 1995
  • Předpotopní úvahy (Pensamentos antediluvianos), Praga 1997
  • Poslední eseje (Últimos ensaios), Praga 2004
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