Kamisese Mara

Kamisese Mara
Kamisese Mara
Nascimento 6 de maio de 1920
Fiji
Morte 18 de abril de 2004 (83 anos)
Suva
Cidadania Fiji
Progenitores
  • Tevita Uluilakeba III
  • Lusiana Qolikoro
Cônjuge Ro Litia Cakobau Lalabalvu Katoafutoga Tuisawau
Filho(a)(s) Ateca Ganilau, Adi Litia Cakobau Mara, Koila Nailatikau, Adi Asenaca Kakua Mara, Finau Mara, Ratu Jioji Cokanauto Mara, Adi Elenoa Mara, Tevita Mara
Alma mater
Ocupação jogador de críquete, político
Distinções
Causa da morte acidente vascular cerebral

Kamisese Mara, (Vanua Balavu, Ilhas Lau, 6 de maio de 1920 – Suva, 18 de abril de 2004) foi um político fijiano. É considerado como o "Pai da Pátria" das modernas Fiji. Foi primeiro-ministro do país de 1970 a 1992, com um pequena interrupção em 1987, e subsequentemente serviu como presidente entre 1993 a 2000.[1]

Biografia

Nascido de família nobre (Tui Nayau) e real, estudou História em Oxford quando o Reino Unido era a potência colonial das Fiji.

Fundou o Partido da Aliança (Alliance Party, fijiano) e negociou em Londres com Sidiq Koya, chefe do Partido da Federação Nacional (National Federation Party, NFP, indo-fijiano).

Com a independência das Fiji em 1970, a rainha Isabel II do Reino Unido manteve-se como chefe de estado. Mara foi o primeiro chefe de governo das Fiji de 1970 a 1987 graças ao êxito do Partido da Aliança, mas também das divisões no seio do NFP. A Aliança e Mara foram derrotados nas eleições de s1987 por uma lista pluriétnica liderada por Timoci Bavadra.

A retirada política de Mara foi curta. Foi chamado a melhorar a situação económica e o prestígio das Fiji após os dois golpes de estado liderados pelo tenente-coronel Sitiveni Rabuka. Cinco anos depois, Mara entregou o poder a um governo eleito, mas os indo-fijianos boicotaram as leis de 1990 que favoreciam os fijianos indígenas.

Cortadas as ligações com o Reino Unido, a República das Fiji foi proclamada em 1987. Em 1993, Mara foi nomeado presidente da República pelo Grande Conselho de Chefes, e proclamado solenemente pouco depois devido à incapacidade do presidente antecessor.

Em 19 de maio de 2000, o extremista fijiano George Speight e homens armados fizeram reféns no Parlamento e no governo fijianos. Mara recusou demitir-se da presidência e tomou plenos poderes. Foi levado a bordo de um navio de guerra em 28 de maio sob escolta, para a sua ilha natal de Lakeba, e demitido pelo novo poder. Ratu Josefa Iloilovatu foi nomeado presidente em sua substituição.

Com a derrota dos golpistas, e já com 80 anos, Mara decidiu não retomar o cargo, apesar de uma decisão do Tribunal Supremo das Fiji ter decretado a inconstitucionalidade da sua demissão. Assinou uma demissão com efeitos retroativos em 29 de maio.

Mara morreu em 18 de abril de 2004 em Suva. À data, prosseguia o inquérito judicial sobre o golpe de estado que o derrubou.

Referências

  1. ↑ Presidente das Ilhas Fiji é nomeado - Diário do Grande ABC, 13 de julho de 2000

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