Ka Kwe Ye

O Ka Kwe Ye (KKY; birmanês: ကာကွယ်ရေး) foi uma força paramilitar e organização criminosa patrocinada pelo Estado birmanês.[1] A organização foi fundada em 1963 por Khun Sa com o propósito de combater a insurgência comunista e dedicava-se ao tráfico de drogas e outras mercadorias ilegais, principalmente ópio. O KKY era conhecido pela sua extrema brutalidade, incluindo sequestros, uso de tortura e matança indiscriminada de civis.[2]

Outros intervenientes não estatais, como Kokang, também utilizaram os efetivos do Kakweye no século XX, estilizando as tropas como uma Força de Defesa Popular.[3] O magnata e traficante de drogas de Kokang, Lo Hsing Han, começou sua carreira comandando uma força da KKY criada por Ne Win para combater os comunistas na área.[4]

Referências

  1. ↑ John Buchanan (Julho de 2016). «Militias in Myanmar» (PDF). The Asia Foundation. Cópia arquivada (PDF) em 4 de outubro de 2023 
  2. ↑ Seekins, Donald M. (2006). Historical Dictionary of Burma (Myanmar). [S.l.: s.n.] 
  3. ↑ Tzang, Yawnghwe (1987). The Shan of Burma: memoirs of a Shan exile. [S.l.]: Institute of Southeast Asian. ISBN 9789971988623 
  4. ↑ Bertil Lintner (Março de 2000). «The Golden Triangle Opium Trade: An Overview» (PDF). Asia Pacific Media Services. Consultado em 6 de janeiro de 2009 

Read other articles:

SMP Negeri 1 Wonosobo

Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada Januari 2023. SMP Negeri 1 WonosoboInformasiRentang kelasVII, VIII, IXKurikulumKurikulum 2013AlamatLokasiJl. Pemuda 7, Wonosobo, Jawa TengahMoto SMP Negeri (SMPN) 1 Wonosobo, merupakan salah satu Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri yang ada di Provinsi Jawa Tengah, Indo...

 

Bukit Seguntang

Arca buddha yang ditemukan di situs Bukit Seguntang, kini disimpan di Museum Sultan Mahmud Badaruddin II, Palembang. Bukit Seguntang atau kadang disebut juga Bukit Siguntang adalah sebuah bukit kecil setinggi 29—30 meter dari permukaan laut yang terletak sekitar 3 kilometer dari tepian utara Sungai Musi dan masuk dalam wilayah kota Palembang, Sumatera Selatan. Secara administratif situs ini termasuk kelurahan Bukit Lama, Kecamatan Ilir Barat I, Palembang. Bukit ini berjarak sekitar 4 kilome...

 

Dekanat

Dekan (Kekristenan) beralih ke halaman ini. Untuk istilah di bidang pendidikan, lihat Dekan. Artikel ini bukan mengenai Dekana. Bagian dari seri tentangHukum KanonikGereja Katolik Hukum Mutakhir Kitab Hukum Kanonik 1983 Omnium in mentem Kitab Hukum Kanon Gereja-Gereja Timur Ad tuendam fidem Ex Corde Ecclesiae Indulgentiarum Doctrina Pastor Bonus Pontificalis Domus Universi Dominici Gregis Consuetudo Sejarah Hukum Kitab Hukum Kanonik 1917 Corpus Iuris Canonici Dekretis Regulæ Iuris Decretales...

Première circonscription des Alpes-Maritimes

Première circonscription des Alpes-Maritimes Carte de la circonscription.Géographie Pays France Région Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur Département Alpes-Maritimes Subdivisions Cantons 7 (6 fractions de cantons et 1 canton entier) Communes 1 (fraction) Représentation Député Éric Ciotti Législature XVIe Groupe parlementaire LR Autres informations Population 127 965 hab. (2022) Date de création 1860 puis 1958 Date de suppression 1870 modifier La première circonscription des Alpes-Ma...

 

Horst Köhler

Horst Köhler Presiden Jerman ke-13Presiden Republik Federal Jerman ke-9Masa jabatan1 Juli 2004 – 31 Mei 2010PendahuluJohannes RauPenggantiChristian Wulff Informasi pribadiLahir22 Februari 1943 (umur 81)Heidenstein, Polandia di bawah pendudukan JermanKebangsaanJermanSuami/istriEva BohnetProfesiEkonomSunting kotak info • L • B Horst Köhler (dengarkanⓘ, lahir 22 Februari 1943) adalah Presiden Jerman dari 1 Juli 2004 sampai 31 Mei 2010. Köhler dipilih Bundesvers...

 

Billy Bremner

Scottish association football player and manager (1942–1997) For other people named Billy Bremner, see Billy Bremner (disambiguation). Billy Bremner Bremner lining up for Scotland in 1971Personal informationFull name William John Bremner[1]Date of birth (1942-12-09)9 December 1942Place of birth Stirling, ScotlandDate of death 7 December 1997(1997-12-07) (aged 54)Place of death Clifton, Doncaster, EnglandHeight 5 ft 5 in (1.65 m)[2]Position(s) MidfielderYo...

Associazione Calcio Femminile Marmi Trani 80 1983

Voce principale: Associazione Calcio Femminile Trani 80. A.C.F. Marmi Trani 80Stagione 1983Sport calcio Squadra Marmi Trani 80 Allenatore Santino Barbato Presidente Antonio Gusmai Serie A2º posto. Coppa ItaliaVincitore Maggiori presenzeCampionato: 7 calciatrici (22)Totale: Marrazza, Russo e Sánchez (30) Miglior marcatoreCampionato: Sánchez (19)Totale: Sánchez (26) 1982 1984 Si invita a seguire il modello di voce Questa voce raccoglie le informazioni riguardanti l'Associazione Calcio...

 

Nizhny Tagil

Nizhny Tagil Нижний ТагилKota BenderaLambang kebesaranPeta lokasi Nizhny Tagil Lua error in Modul:Infobox_mapframe at line 86: bad argument #1 to 'sqrt' (number expected, got nil).Nizhny TagilLokasi Nizhny TagilTampilkan peta Sverdlovsk OblastNizhny TagilNizhny Tagil (Rusia)Tampilkan peta RusiaKoordinat: 57°55′N 59°58′E / 57.917°N 59.967°E / 57.917; 59.967Koordinat: 57°55′N 59°58′E / 57.917°N 59.967°E / 57.917; 59.967N...

 

Homecoming!

For other uses, see Homecoming (disambiguation). 1961 studio album by Elmo HopeHomecoming!Studio album by Elmo HopeReleased1961RecordedJune 22 & 29, 1961StudioBell Sound (New York City)GenreJazzLength51:00CD reissue with bonus tracksLabelRiversideRLP 381ProducerBill GrauerElmo Hope chronology High Hope!(1961) Homecoming!(1961) Hope-Full(1962) Homecoming! is an album by jazz pianist Elmo Hope recorded in 1961 for the Riverside label.[1] Reception Professional ratingsReview ...

روبرت د. ويب

روبرت د. ويب معلومات شخصية الميلاد 8 يناير 1903   كنتاكي  الوفاة 18 أبريل 1990 (87 سنة)   شاطئ نيوبورت  مواطنة الولايات المتحدة  الزوجة باربرا ماكلين (1951–1990)  الحياة العملية المهنة منتج أفلام،  ومخرج أفلام،  ومخرج[1]  المواقع IMDB صفحته على IMDB  تعديل مصدري ...

 

Nonode

This article does not cite any sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Nonode – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (June 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Basic FM quadrature detector circuit using a nonode Nonode 6Л1П (6L1P), Manufactured in Novosibirsk, 1970 A nonode is a type of thermionic valve that has nine active el...

 

2016年美國總統選舉

2016年美國總統選舉 ← 2012 2016年11月8日 2020 → 538個選舉人團席位獲勝需270票民意調查投票率55.7%[1][2] ▲ 0.8 %   获提名人 唐納·川普 希拉莉·克林頓 政党 共和黨 民主党 家鄉州 紐約州 紐約州 竞选搭档 迈克·彭斯 蒂姆·凱恩 选举人票 304[3][4][註 1] 227[5] 胜出州/省 30 + 緬-2 20 + DC 民選得票 62,984,828[6] 65,853,514[6]...

美国众议院

此條目需要补充更多来源。 (2021年7月4日)请协助補充多方面可靠来源以改善这篇条目，无法查证的内容可能會因為异议提出而被移除。致使用者：请搜索一下条目的标题（来源搜索：美国众议院 — 网页、新闻、书籍、学术、图像），以检查网络上是否存在该主题的更多可靠来源（判定指引）。 美國眾議院 United States House of Representatives第118届美国国会众议院徽章 众议院旗...

 

Walnuts in California

Chandler Walnut on a Glenn County farm close to the Sacramento River during harvest season 2023 Walnuts are an indigenous fruit species of California. Juglans californica is native to Southern California and the Central Valley, whereas Juglans hindsii is native to the northern parts. Franciscan Fathers first introduced the English walnut around the 1770s from South America to California.[1][2] As of 1998[update], walnuts from California account for 99% of all walnuts g...

 

2014 Singapore Grand Prix

2014 Singapore Grand Prix Race 14 of 19 in the 2014 Formula One World Championship← Previous raceNext race → Marina Bay Street CircuitRace details[1][2]Date 21 September 2014Official name 2014 Formula 1 Singapore Airlines Singapore Grand PrixLocation Marina Bay Street Circuit, Marina Bay, SingaporeCourse Temporary street circuitCourse length 5.065 km (3.147 miles)Distance 60 laps, 303.900 km (188.835[a] miles)Scheduled distance 61 laps, 308.965...

University of Nevada, Reno

Public university in Reno, Nevada, U.S. University of Nevada redirects here. For the other public research university in Nevada, see University of Nevada, Las Vegas. University of Nevada, RenoFormer namesState University of Nevada (1874–1881)Nevada State University (1881–1906)University of Nevada (1906–1969)MottoOmnia Pro Patria (Latin)Motto in EnglishAll For Our CountryTypePublic land-grant research universityEstablishedOctober 12, 1874; 149 years ago (1874-10-12...

 

The Midnight Flyer

1918 film The Midnight FlyerAn advertisement for The Midnight Flyer and other filmsDirected byGeorge MarshallStarringHoot GibsonDistributed byUniversal Film Manufacturing CompanyRelease date June 29, 1918 (1918-06-29) Running time20 minutesCountryUnited StatesLanguageSilent (English intertitles) The Midnight Flyer is a 1918 American short action drama film directed by George Marshall and starring Hoot Gibson. Cast Hoot Gibson Violet Mersereau Helen Gibson G. Raymond Nye Recepti...

 

2012 Grand National

English steeplechase horse race This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: 2012 Grand National – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (July 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Horse race 2012 Grand NationalGrand NationalLocationAintree RacecourseDate14 April 2012Winning horse Neptun...

7,92 × 57 mm Mauser

Questa voce o sezione sull'argomento munizioni non cita le fonti necessarie o quelle presenti sono insufficienti. Commento: Mancano sia queste ... Puoi migliorare questa voce aggiungendo citazioni da fonti attendibili secondo le linee guida sull'uso delle fonti. Questa voce o sezione sull'argomento guerra è priva o carente di note e riferimenti bibliografici puntuali. Commento: ... che puntuali riferimenti. Voce inaffidabile. Sebbene vi siano una bibliografia e/o dei collegamenti ...

 

Durban International Airport

Former commercial airport of Durban, South Africa (1951–2010) This article is about an airport that is no longer in use for commercial service. For Durban's current commercial airport, see King Shaka International Airport. For the current military use of this facility, see Air Force Base Durban. Durban International AirportDurban Internasionale LughaweIATA: DURICAO: FADNSummaryAirport typeMilitaryOwner/OperatorSouth African Air ForceServesDurban, South AfricaLocationIsipingo, ProspectonOpen...