José María Moncada

José María Moncada Tapia
José María Moncada
José María Moncada Tapia
41.º Presidente da Nicarágua
Período 1 de janeiro de 1929 - 1 de janeiro de 1933
Antecessor(a) Juan Bautista Sacasa
Sucessor(a) Juan Bautista Sacasa
Dados pessoais
Nascimento 8 de dezembro de 1870
San Rafael del Sur, Nicarágua
Morte 23 de fevereiro de 1945 (74 anos)
Manágua, Nicarágua
Partido Partido Liberal
Profissão professor, jornalista, militar e político

José María Moncada Tapia (San Rafael del Sur, 1870 - Manágua, 1945) foi um político e militar nicaragüense presidente entre 1929 e 1933.[1]

Vida

Em sua juventude, trabalhou como professor e jornalista, que em 1910 assumiu as armas em favor da revolução que derrubou o governo de José Santos Zelaya. Ele fazia parte do novo governo como ministro do Interior até que ele foi forçado a emigrar para a Costa Rica. Em 1926, voltou para a Nicarágua e contra o governo de Adolfo Díaz.

Ele alcançou a patente de General e participou activamente na guerra civil que se desenvolveu entre 1926 e 1927 entre os partidários do general Emiliano Chamorro e constitucional o presidente da ideologia liberal, Juan Bautista Sacasa, que apoiava por afinidades ideológicas.

Após o desembarque de tropas dos Estados Unidos em Puerto Cabezas, em 24 de dezembro de 1926, Moncada, chefe do governo liberal criado, entrou em negociações com os americanos e em 4 de maio de 1927, em Tipitapa, assinaram o Pacto de Espino Negro, pelo qual se comprometeu a alcançar a paz no país e realizar eleições. Após a assinatura do Pacto, Moncada entrou em negociações com o constitucionalista geral Augusto César Sandino, para que cedam os seus braços e aceitem a ocupação temporária do país, mas os seus esforços foram inúteis e não puderam chegar a sua rendição.

Nas eleições 1928, Moncada obteve a vitória como um representante do Partido Liberal e tomou posse em 1º de janeiro de 1929. Ao longo de seu governo enfrentou uma revolta de Sandino, Moncada foi vendido para os interesses da potência estrangeira. Além disso, o novo presidente teve de enfrentar o impacto que a crise econômica de 1929 na Nicarágua. Moncada tinha o apoio total do Congresso, que tinha uma maioria liberal, e realizou algumas reformas económicas e políticas destinadas a mitigar os efeitos da crise, embora em todas as vezes que diz respeito interesses americanos na área.

Referências

  1. ↑ Nohlen, Dieter (2005). Elections in the Americas A Data Handbook: North America, Central America, and the Caribbean (em inglês). 1. Oxford: OUP Oxford. p. 504. ISBN 9780191557934 

Ligações Externas

Precedido por
Adolfo Díaz		 Presidente da Nicarágua
1929-1933		 Sucedido por
Juan Bautista Sacasa
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