Ittō-ryū

Ittō-ryū (em japonês: 刀流) é um estilo de kenjutsu criado por Itō Ittōsai Kagehisa (em japonês: 伊藤一刀斎景久) durante o período Azuchi Momoyama (em japonês: 安土桃山時代).

Origens

Este estilo é uma derivação do estilo Toda-ryû (em japonês: 戸田・富田・外他流), que por sua vez deriva do Chujō-ryū (em japonês: 中条流). É um dos estilos mais importantes dentro do kenjutsu, sendo uma das bases para o kendō moderno.

O estilo Ittō-ryū foi transmitido de Itō Ittōsai para Mikogami Tenzen (em japonês: 御子上典善), conhecido posteriormente por Ono Jirōemon Tadaaki (em japonês: 小野次郎衛門忠明).

A partir de Ono Tadaaki, o estilo se dividiu em duas grandes linhagens:

A vertente Tadanari-ha gerou por sua vez a vertente Mizoguchi-ha Ittō-ryū (em japonês: 溝口派一刀流), e a Ono-ha Ittō-ryū gerou outras vertentes, onde a mais conhecida é a Nakanishi-ha Ittō-ryū (em japonês: 中西派一刀流).

A vertente mais conhecida atualmente é o Ono-ha Ittō-ryū.

Além disso, outros estilos foram derivados a partir do Ittō-ryū. Os dois mais conhecidos são:

Currículo do estilo

De acordo com o livro Ittō-ryū Gokui, o currículo do estilo está fundamentalmente baseado no conjunto de técnicas (kata) chamado Goten no Kata (em japonês: 五点の形), que é originário do estilo Kanemaki-ryū, ensinado pelo mestre de Itō Ittōsai. São cinco técnicas, quais sejam:

Itō Ittōsai acrescentou a elas a série Hosshatô (em japonês: 払捨刀) e posteriormente Ono Tadaaki acrescentou as técnicas de kodachi (em japonês: 小太刀), consolidando as técnicas do estilo. Atualmente, existem mais técnicas sendo praticadas, mas considera-se que as técnicas acima são os pilares centrais, onde o Goten no Kata ocupa a posição central.

Um outro conceito que possui bastante importância dentro do Ittō-ryū é o Kiriotoshi (em japonês: 切り落とし), que envolve basicamente o corte da arma/golpe e do adversário em si em um único movimento.

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