Invasão dórica

Invasão dórica é um conceito usado pelos historiadores gregos antigos para explicar a substituição dos dialetos e tradições pré-clássicas pelos que prevaleceram na época clássica, no sul da Grécia.

A lenda fala em "regresso dos Heráclidas", aludindo ao estabelecimento do domínio dório sobre o Peloponeso, que os historiadores da época clássica interpretaram como resultante de uma grande invasão. Pelos cálculos de Jerónimo de Estridão, a invasão do Peloponeso teria começado em 1098 a.C. Contudo essa interpretação tem variado ao longo do tempo e, atualmente, a historicidade da invasão ainda divide os estudiosos.

O Retorno dos Heráclidas

A tradição mitológica conta que os descendentes de Hércules, exilados após sua morte, teriam retornado à Grécia, depois de algumas gerações, a fim de recuperar o domínio que seu famoso antepassado teria estabelecido. A Grécia a que a lenda alude seria a da antiga Civilização Micênica, estabelecida no Peloponeso.

A história desse regresso é considerada lendária, mas supõe-se que algum clã dominante declarava ser herdeiro do herói grego, Hércules, para legitimar seu poder.

Heráclidas na mitologia grega

Alguns heráclidas de destaque são:

A Idade das Trevas

Ver artigo principal: Idade das Trevas (Grécia)

A invasão dórica teria devastado a civilização micênica, provocando a migração dos micênicos através do Mar Egeu. Embora conhecessem a metalurgia do ferro, os dórios não possuíam nenhum sistema de escrita, razão pela qual, do século XII a.C. até o século VIII a.C., a Grécia teria vivido um período de obscuridade.

Alguns autores chamam a esse tempo da história grega de "Idade das trevas".

Ver também

Bibliografia

Referências

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