Hidrofluorocarboneto

 Nota: Se procura HFC no sentido de Hybrid Fiber Coax, veja Hybrid Fiber Coax.

Os hidrofluorocarbonetos (hidrofluorcarboneto, hidrofluorcarbono ou HFC) foram criados como alternativa aos clorofluorocarbonetos (CFC), e são gases de refrigeração contendo hidrogênio, flúor e carbono. Por não conterem cloro como os clorofluorcarbonetos, não são destrutivos à camada de ozônio da atmosfera pois o flúor em si não é prejudicial ao ozônio. Apenas componentes contendo cloro e bromo são prejudiciais à camada de ozônio. Contudo, demonstrando os riscos a que o planeta está sujeito com experimentos de geoengenharia, agora cientistas estão pedindo um controle sobre o uso também dos HFCs.

Os hidrofluorocarbonetos são climaticamente muito ativos e extremamente persistentes no ambiente, sendo gases de efeito estufa muito potentes. O HFC-134a, também conhecido como R-134a, por exemplo, usado nos aparelhos de ar-condicionados de automóveis, é 1 430 vezes mais ativo do que o CO2 (dióxido de carbono).

O forçamento radiativo - uma medida do efeito de substâncias químicas sobre o clima - dos CFCs tem permanecido constante em 0,32 W/m², graças ao seu banimento. Mas os HFCs já atingiram 0,012 W/m² e, segundo os cientistas, poderão alcançar entre 0,25 e 0,4 W/m² em 2050 - para comparação, o CO2 tem uma força radioativa de 1,5 W/m². O maior problema são os chamados HFCs saturados, que podem sobreviver na atmosfera por até 50 anos.[1]

Dois grupos de haloalcanos fazem parte da lista de gases do efeito estufa do Protocolo de Quioto: hidrofluorcarbonetos e perfluorcarbonetos (PFC).

Ver também

Referências

  1. ↑ «Fracasso da geoengenharia: gases que salvaram camada de ozônio agora ameaçam o clima». Consultado em 24 de março de 2012 
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