Guerra Lamiaca

Guerra Lamiaca foi um conflito militar na Grécia Antiga, opondo uma aliança de cidades gregas lideradas por Atenas contra os macedônios que partilharam o império de Alexandre, especialmente Antípatro e Crátero.

Início

A guerra se iniciou, segundo Jerônimo de Estridão, no segundo ano da 114a olimpíada (323 a.C.), no ano seguinte à morte de Alexandre (324 a.C.).[1]

Leóstenes, ateniense, foi o comandante das forças gregas (Atenas e aliados), e derrotou os macedónios na Beócia [2][3] e nas Termópilas,[2] e os forçou a se recolherem a Lâmia, onde eles foram sitiados.[2][4][3]

Sítio de Lâmia

Durante o sítio a Lâmia, Antípatro, comandante macedônio, ordenou um ataque contra os atenienses que estavam escavando em volta das muralhas; Leóstenes foi participar da batalha, foi atingido na cabeça por uma pedra, e morreu três dias depois.[5]

Leonato veio da Ásia com uma força de macedônios, mas foi derrotado e morto na Tessália.[6] Logo em seguida chegou Crátero com outras tropas da Ásia, e derrotou os gregos;[7] após a derrota, várias cidades gregas desertaram a aliança.[8]

Ataque a Atenas

Antípatro marchou diretamente contra Atenas, e Demóstenes e Hipereides fugiram da cidade.[9] Dêmades, que havia sido multado sete vezes e tinha perdido a cidadania, aproveitou a situação para organizar uma embaixada a ser enviada a Antipatro;[9] o escolhido foi Fócio,[10] de oitenta anos de idade, e que havia se oposto à guerra.

Consequências

Após a derrota dos gregos na guerra,[11] Antípatro, para voltar logo para a Ásia, queria fazer logo a paz com gregos, sem se importar se Atenas e o resto da Grécia permanecessem livres.[11] Dêmades e outros traidores de Atenas,[Nota 1] porém, o convenceram a não ser gentil com os gregos, e, ao colocar medo nos atenienses, foram a causa de guarnições macedônias serem colocadas em Atenas e na maioria das outras cidades.[11]

Notas e referências

Notas

  1. ↑ Conforme Pausânias, Dêmades é um traidor.

Referências

  1. ↑ Jerônimo de Estridão, Crônica
  2. ↑ a b c Pausânias (geógrafo), Descrição da Grécia, 1.1.3
  3. ↑ a b Plutarco, Vidas Paralelas, Vida de Fócio 23.4
  4. ↑ Plutarco, Vidas Paralelas, Vida de Demóstenes, 27.1
  5. ↑ Diodoro Sículo, Biblioteca Histórica, Livro XVIII, 13.5
  6. ↑ Plutarco, Vidas Paralelas, Vida de Fócio 25.5
  7. ↑ Plutarco, Vidas Paralelas, Vida de Fócio 26.1
  8. ↑ Plutarco, Vidas Paralelas, Vida de Fócio 26.2
  9. ↑ a b Plutarco, Vidas Paralelas, Vida de Fócio 26.3
  10. ↑ Plutarco, Vidas Paralelas, Vida de Fócio 26.4
  11. ↑ a b c Pausânias (geógrafo), Descrição da Grécia, 7.10.4

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