Geometria espacial

Algumas figuras geométricas «sólidas».

Em matemática, geometria espacial é o nome usual para a geometria do espaço tridimensional euclidiano.

A estereometria lida com a medição dos volumes de vários sólidos geométricos ou poliedros (figuras tridimensionais,[1] com latitude, longitude e altitude), incluindo pirâmides, cilindros, cones, troncos de cones, esferas e prismas.[2][3] Um sólido é limitado por um ou mais planos ou superfícies, assim como as superfícies são limitadas por uma ou mais linhas.[1]

Tipos de sólidos

Tetraedro regular Tetraedro regular Cubo Hexaedro regular Octaedro regular Octaedro regular Dodecaedro regular Dodecaedro regular Icosaedro regular Icosaedro regular

CuboctaedroCuboctaedro

Notas e referências

Notas

  1. ↑ O texto de Chambers não especifica esta última restrição; um contra-exemplo é a bipirâmide triangular, formada por seis triângulos equiláteros.
  2. ↑ O texto de Chambers inclui, erroneamente, o polígono paralelogramo como um sólido irregular.

Referências

  1. ↑ a b c d Ephraim Chambers, Cyclopaedia, Or an Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences (1783), Solid, p.683 [google books]
  2. ↑ Kiselev 2008.
  3. ↑ Isidoro de Sevilha, Etimologias, Liber III, 12.1-7 [em linha] (em latim)
  4. ↑ George Sarton. Ancient Science Through the Golden Age of Greece, pg. 438.

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