Fréjus

Comuna francesa

Câmara municipal de Fréjus

Símbolos

Bandeira

Brasão de armas

Localização

Fréjus

Localização de Fréjus na França

Coordenadas

43° 25′ 59″ N, 6° 44′ 13″ L

País

França

Região

Provença-Alpes-Costa Azul

Departamento

Var

Características geográficas

Área total

102,27 km²

População total (2018) ^[1]

54 623 hab.

Densidade

534,1 hab./km²

Código Postal

83600

Código INSEE

83061

Nota: Se procura túneis, veja Fréjus (desambiguação).

Fréjus é uma comuna francesa situada no departamento do Var da região de Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur.

História

Durante a Antiga Roma, a cidade era conhecida como Fórum Júlio (em latim: Forum Iulii) tal como atesta a correspondência entre Planco e Cícero datada de 43 a.C.. O porto de Fórum Júlio acolheu as galeras de Marco António tomadas por Otaviano após a batalha de Áccio em 31 a.C.. Pouco depois, a partir de 29 a.C., a cidade converteu-se em colónia e foi povoada com veteranos da Legio VIII Augusta. Com Augusto toma o título Forum Iulii Octavanorum colonia, quae Pacensis appellatur et Classica, tal como cita Plínio, o Velho^[2] e desenvolve-se em torno da atividade económica gerada por ser uma das bases militares da frota romana do mar Mediterrâneo. Da época de Tibério e posterior, data a maioria dos edifícios e equipamentos que chegaram à época contemporânea, como o Anfiteatro de Fréjus, o aqueduto, o farol, as termas ou o teatro. Cneu Júlio Agrícola (40-93) nasceu em Fórum Júlio e completou a conquista romana da Britânia. Sendo sogro do historiador Cornélio Tácito, este dedicou-lhe uma biografia onde se evoca o carácter de antiga e ilustre colónia de Fórum Júlio.

Entre os séculos VII e IX, invasores islâmicos e piratas saquearam a cidade. Os monumentos da época romana ficaram em ruínas, e o século X já pouco restava da colónia. A silte do mar entupiu o porto e levou à formação de um pântano, que separou a vila do mar.

No início do século XVI, Fréjus era um importante local de produção e comércio de trigo, vinha, pesca, pecuária e olaria, que lhe permitiu crescer demograficamente apesar das invasões de 1524 e 1536, ou da guerra de religião de 1561 a 1563, contando com seis milhares de residentes em 1580^[3].

Referências

↑ «Populations légales 2018. Recensement de la population Régions, départements, arrondissements, cantons et communes». www.insee.fr (em francês). INSEE. 28 de dezembro de 2020. Consultado em 13 de abril de 2021
↑ Plínio, o Velho, III, 35
↑ Histoire de Fréjus jusqu’en 1550.

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