Equiprobabilidade

Equiprobabilidade é uma situação, na teoria da probabilidade, em que todos os resultados possíveis são igualmente prováveis.[1]

Por exemplo, a cada lançamento de uma moeda a probabilidade de se obter cara é igual à probabilidade de se obter coroa. Assim, o universo das consequências possíveis, representado pelo conjunto {cara, coroa} é equiprovável.

Num universo equiprovável contendo n elementos, a probabilidade de um evento unitário é: P = 1/n.[2] Foi tomando por base um universo de eventos equiprováveis que Pierre-Simon Laplace lançou as bases do cálculo de probabilidades, no seu Essai Philosophique sur les Probabilités, de 1814. A sua "teoria dos acasos" procura reduzir "todos os eventos do mesmo tipo a um certo número de casos igualmente possíveis".[3]

Referências

  1. ↑ BISQUERRA, Rafael; SARRIERA, Jorge C.; MATÍNEZ, Francesc. Introdução a Estatística: Enfoque informático com o pacote estatístico SPSS. Bookman, 2007. Pág. 69
  2. ↑ Equiprobabilidade. Curso de linguagem matemática – Professor Renato Tião
  3. ↑ COUTINHO, Cileda de Queiroz e Silva. Conceitos probabilísticos: quais contextos a história nos aponta? REVEMAT - Revista Eletrônica de Educação Matemática. V2.3, p.50-67, UFSC: 2007. Pág. 65

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