Disco disperso

Corpos celestes do disco disperso e do Cinturão de Kuiper.

O disco disperso é uma região remota do nosso sistema solar, povoada por corpos gelados conhecidos como objetos do disco disperso, um subgrupo da família dos transnetunianos. A porção interior do disco disperso penetra nos domínios do cinturão de Kuiper, mas o seu limite exterior prolonga-se para muito além do Sol e para mais acima e abaixo da eclíptica que a cintura em si.

O planeta anão Éris orbita nesta região do sistema solar, dado que encontra-se a cerca de 97 UA do Sol, no afélio e 35 UA no periélio.

Durante a década de 1980, a introdução do charge-coupled device em telescópios em combinação com computadores de maior capacidade de análise de imagem permitiu inquéritos mais eficientes do céu profundo do que era prática, utilizando a fotografia. Isto levou a uma enxurrada de novas descobertas: entre 1992 e 2006, mais de um milhar de objetos transnetunianos foram detectados.

O primeiro objeto do disco disperso a ser reconhecido como tal foi o (15874) 1996 TL66,[1] originalmente identificado em 1996 por astrônomos com base em Mauna Kea no Havaí. Mais três foram identificados pela mesma pesquisa em 1999: (181867) 1999 CV118, 1999 CY118 e 1999 CF119. O primeiro objeto atualmente classificado como um objeto do disco disperso a ser descoberto foi (48639) 1995 TL8, encontrado em 1995 pelo Spacewatch.

A partir de 2008, mais de 100 objetos do disco disperso foram identificados, incluindo (229762) 2007 UK126 (descoberto por Schwamb, Brown, e Rabinowitz), (84522) 2002 TC302 (NEAT), Éris (Brown, Trujillo, e Rabinowitz) Sedna (Brown, Trujillo, e Rabinowitz) e 2004 VN112 (Deep Survey Eclíptica).[2][3] Embora o número de objetos no cinturão de Kuiper e do disco disperso sejam supostamente aproximadamente iguais, o viés de observação devido à sua maior distância significa que muito menos objetos do disco disperso têm sido observados até à data.

Referências

  1. «Jane Luu, Brian G. Marsden, David Jewitt, et al» (PDF) (em inglês). Consultado em 21 de julho de 2014 
  2. «Orbit Fit and Astrometric record for 04VN112» (em inglês). Consultado em 21 de julho de 2014. Arquivado do original em 18 de agosto de 2010 
  3. «SAO/NASA ADS Astronomy Abstract Service» (em inglês). Consultado em 21 de julho de 2014 

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