Disautonomia

Disautonomia ou disfunção autonômica é uma condição em que o sistema nervoso autônomo (SNA) não funciona corretamente. Isso pode afetar o funcionamento do coração, bexiga, intestinos, glândulas sudoríparas, pupilas e vasos sanguíneos. A disautonomia tem muitas causas, não todas as quais podem ser classificadas como neuropáticas.[1] Uma série de doenças podem apresentar disautonomia, como doença de Parkinson, atrofia do sistema múltiplo, falha autonômica, síndrome de taquicardia ortostática postura, síndrome de Miller-Fischer, síndrome de Ehler-Danlos e neuropatia autonômica.

O diagnóstico é alcançado através de testes funcionais do SNA, com foco no sistema de órgãos afetado. Podem realizar-se investigações para identificar processos de doenças subjacentes que podem ter levado ao desenvolvimento de sintomas ou neuropatia autonômica. Tratamento sintomático está disponível para muitos sintomas associados à disautonomia, e alguns processos de doenças podem ser tratados diretamente.[2]

Prognóstico

O prognóstico da disautonomia depende de vários fatores; Os indivíduos com disautonomia crônica, progressiva e generalizada no cenário da degeneração do sistema nervoso central, como a doença de Parkinson ou a atrofia do sistema múltiplo, apresentam um prognóstico geralmente mais desfavorável a longo prazo. Consequentemente, a disautonomia pode ser fatal devido a pneumonia, insuficiência respiratória aguda, ou repentina parada cardiopulmonar.[1]

Referências

  1. ↑ a b «Dysautonomia». NINDS. Consultado em 3 de abril de 2012. Arquivado do original em 2 de dezembro de 2016 
  2. ↑ Iodice, V; Sandroni, Paola; Vernino, Steven. «Efficacy of immunotherapy in seropositive and seronegative putative autoimmune autonomic ganglionopathy.». Neurology. 72: 2002–8. PMC 2837591Acessível livremente. PMID 19506222. doi:10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181a92b52 

Leitura complementar

Livros

  • Brading, Alison (1999). The autonomic nervous system and its effectors. Oxford: Blackwell Science. ISBN 0632026243 
  • Jänig, Wilfrid (2008). Integrative action of the autonomic nervous system : neurobiology of homeostasis Digitally printed version. ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521067545 

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