Diadúmeno

O exemplar de Atenas

O Diadúmeno ("O Portador do Diadema"), junto com Doríforo e o Discóforo, são as três mais conhecidas esculturas de Policleto e constituem as três formas básicas da Escultura Grega que idealizam homens jovens representados de maneira natural.

O Diadumeno é o vencedor das competições esportivas, ainda nu ele levanta seus braços para amarrar o diadema, uma faixa que indica o vencedor e que na estátua original de 420 a.C estaria representada por uma fita de bronze.[1] A escultura está em contrapposto, com seu peso sobre o seu pé direito, seu joelho esquerdo suavemente inclinado e sua cabeça inclinada para a direita, em equilíbrio, demonstrando a sua concentração. Policleto e seus sucessores - Lisipo e Escopas - criaram estátuas seguindo este modelo.

Cópia romanas

Detalhe

A Naturalis Historia de Plínio descreve cópias romanas feitas em mármore, porém não foi conhecido até 1878[2] que a cópia romana de Vaison-la-Romaine no Museu Britânico recriava a estátua original de Policleto[3]. Plínio recorda que o original de Polícleto foi vendido em leilão à soma de 100 talentos, uma fortuna para a época.

De fato, a estátua era tão estimada que foram realizadas várias cópias romanas, a julgar pelo número de fragmentos reconhecíveis e trabalhos completos (como a cabeça no Louvre, um exemplar completo no Museu Metropolitano de Arte e o "Diadúmeno Farnese" no Museu Britânico), além de ser reproduzida em inúmeras interpretações livres, versões em escala pequena, e tendo sua cabeça gravada em gemas preciosas.

O Diadúmeno de mármore de Delos, no Museu Arqueológico Nacional de Atenas mostra o manto do vencedor e seu carcás sobre os três troncos, demonstrando que ele foi o vencedor de uma competição de arco, além de fazer referência a Apolo, também representado por um jovem idealizado.

Notas

  1. ↑ No Período Helenístico o diadema tornou-se símbolo da realeza; No Diadúmenos, porém, a fita é apenas símbolo do vencedor.
  2. ↑ Adolf Michaelis, 1878. "Tre statue Policlitee", Annali dell'Instituto di Corrispondenza Archeologica pp 5-30, noted in Haskell and Penny 1981:118, note 11.
  3. ↑ Foram perdidas as mãos.

Referências

  • Herbert Beck, Peter C. Bol, Maraike Bückling (Hrsg.): Polyklet. Der Bildhauer der griechischen Klassik. Ausstellung im Liebieghaus-Museum Alter Plastik Frankfurt am Main. Von Zabern, Mainz 1990 ISBN 3-8053-1175-3
  • Detlev Kreikenbom: Bildwerke nach Polyklet. Kopienkritische Untersuchungen zu den männlichen statuarischen Typen nach polykletischen Vorbildern. "Diskophoros", Hermes, Doryphoros, Herakles, Diadumenos. Mann, Berlín 1990, ISBN 3-7861-1623-7

Ligações externas

O Commons possui uma categoria com imagens e outros ficheiros sobre Diadúmeno

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