Dados ordinais

Os dados ordinais são um tipo de dado categórico em que as variáveis têm categorias naturais e ordenadas e as distâncias entre as categorias não são conhecidas. [1]Esses dados existem em uma escala ordinal, um dos quatro níveis de medição descritos por S. S. Stevens em 1946. A escala ordinal se distingue da escala nominal por ter um ranking. [2] Também difere da escala de intervalo e escala de razão por não ter larguras de categoria que representam incrementos iguais do atributo subjacente. [3]

Exemplos de dados ordinais

Um exemplo bem conhecido de dados ordinais é a escala Likert. Um exemplo de uma escala Likert é: [4]

Gosto Gosto um pouco Neutro Não gosto um pouco Não gosto
1 2 3 4 5

Exemplos de dados ordinais são frequentemente encontrados em questionários: por exemplo, a pergunta da pesquisa "Sua saúde geral é ruim, razoável, boa ou excelente?" podem ter essas respostas codificadas respectivamente como 1, 2, 3 e 4. Às vezes, os dados em uma escala de intervalo ou escala de razão são agrupados em uma escala ordinal: por exemplo, indivíduos cuja renda é conhecida podem ser agrupados nas categorias de renda $0 a $19.999, $20.000 a $39.999, $40.000 a $59.999, ..., que então podem ser codificados como 1, 2, 3, 4, . . . . Outros exemplos de dados ordinais incluem status socioeconômico, patentes militares e notas de letras para cursos. [5]

Referências

  1. ↑ Agresti, Alan (2013). Categorical Data Analysis 3 ed. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-470-46363-5 
  2. ↑ Ataei, Younes; Mahmoudi, Amin; Feylizadeh, Mohammad Reza; Li, Deng-Feng (janeiro de 2020). «Ordinal Priority Approach (OPA) in Multiple Attribute Decision-Making». Applied Soft Computing. 86. 105893 páginas. ISSN 1568-4946. doi:10.1016/j.asoc.2019.105893 
  3. ↑ Stevens, S. S. (1946). «On the Theory of Scales of Measurement». Science. New Series. 103 (2684): 677–680. Bibcode:1946Sci...103..677S. PMID 17750512. doi:10.1126/science.103.2684.677 
  4. ↑ Cohen, Ronald Jay; Swerdik, Mark E.; Phillips, Suzanne M. (1996). Psychological Testing and Assessment: An Introduction to Tests and Measurement 3rd ed. Mountain View, CA: Mayfield. pp. 685. ISBN 1-55934-427-X 
  5. ↑ Siegel, Sidney; Castellan, N. John Jr. (1988). Nonparametric Statistics for the Behavioral Sciences 2nd ed. Boston: McGraw-Hill. pp. 25–26. ISBN 0-07-057357-3 

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