Da alma (em grego antigo, Περὶ ψυχῆς , transl. Perí psychḗs; em latim, De Anima), é um texto do filósofo grego Aristóteles de Estagira.[1][2] É composto por três livros (I: 402a - 411b, II: 412a - 424 b 20, III: 424b 22 - 435b) e não existem dúvidas acerca da autenticidade da obra.
O objetivo de Aristóteles nesta obra é analisar os principais problemas respeitantes à alma, que é o princípio vital de todo e qualquer ser vivo. O livro I consiste em uma introdução e contextualização do tema abordado; o livro II apresenta análises sobre a relação entre alma e corpo, as faculdades da alma, nutrição e sensação; no livro III Aristóteles discute a imaginação e o pensamento, além das relações entre sensação e intelecto.
Segundo o filósofo:
"Ao considerar o conhecimento como se encontrando entre as coisas mais belas e dignas do maior valor, sendo umas mais penosas do que outras, quer em virtude do seu maior rigor quer em virtude de dizer respeito a coisas mais belas e elevadas, decidimos, devido a essas duas mesmas causas, considerar toda a investigação respeitante à alma como sendo de importância fundamental" (De An., 402a).
É também neste tratado, mais especificamente no livro III, que o filósofo apresenta sua influente teoria do intelecto ativo e do intelecto passivo.
Existem, em língua portuguesa, as seguintes traduções de De Anima:
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