Confrontos em Ataye em 2021

Confrontos em Ataye em 2021
Data 18–31 de Março de 2021
16–18 de Abril de 2021
Local Ataye, Zona Oromia , Região de Amhara, Etiópia
Beligerantes
Exército de Libertação Oromo
Milícias oromo

Alegado

Forças de Defesa do Tigray		 Forças especiais regionais de Amhara
Milícias amhara
Fano (milícia)

Alegado

Eritreia Forças de Defesa da Eritreia[1]
Baixas
Mais de 21 mortos, vários capturados (reivindicação das autoridades de Amhara)[2] Mais de 14 mortos (testemunhas)[3]
584 mortos
566+ feridos

Os confrontos em Ataye em 2021 foram dois episódios de violência étnica em grande escala que mataram centenas na cidade de Ataye e seus arredores, levando a quase um quarto da cidade sendo destruída e centenas de milhares deslocados.[4]

Antecedentes

O conflito entre os povos oromos e amharas remontam a centenas de anos, mais recentemente na forma do conflito civil etíope.[5] Os confrontos eclodiram na região em abril de 2019, com a violência sendo suprimida pelas tropas da Força de Defesa Nacional da Etiópia.[6]

Confrontos de março

Em 18 de março de 2021, confrontos ocorreram na cidade de Ataye iniciando quando as forças especiais de Amhara atiraram em uma pessoa nos degraus da mesquita da cidade. Os confrontos rapidamente se espalharam com as milícias oromo e amhara combatendo entre si, alastraram-se através da zona rural e posteriormente chegaram à cidade de Kamisee, onde mais danos foram causados. Em uma investida, multidões de pessoas atacaram uma ambulância proveniente de Ataye em Shewa Robit, matando doze pessoas em 21 de março. Os confrontos continuaram por duas semanas, levando à morte de 303 pessoas e 269 feridas, além de 1.539 casas incendiadas. 50.000 pessoas foram deslocadas durante o conflito.[7][8][9]

Confrontos de abril

Em 16 de abril, confrontos eclodiram desta vez centrados na cidade de Ataye, centenas de pessoas foram mortas. Forças suspeitas do Exército de Libertação Oromo vestindo uniformes das forças armadas pelejaram com as forças regionais de Amhara, levando à morte de pelo menos catorze deles. Os confrontos continuariam, com assassinatos em massa e massacres de porta em porta também sendo comuns. No final dos confrontos, cerca de 281 pessoas foram mortas e 197 feridas em Ataye. 3.073 edifícios foram destruídos, constituindo quase um quarto de todas as casas na cidade, e cerca de 328.000 pessoas foram deslocadas devido ao conflito.[4][10][11]

Reações

Protestos ocorreram em Amhara em resposta aos confrontos étnicos em Ataye e ao ataque ao povo amhara. As manifestações eclodiram em 19 de abril nas cidades de Bahir Dar, Weldiya, Finote Selam, Dessie, Debre Berhan e Debre Marqos.[12]

Esforços de ajuda

Com danos estimados em 32.700.000 dólares americanos para a cidade de Ataye, a tarefa de reconstrução é considerada enorme.[13] Os esforços humanitários começaram quase imediatamente com o UNICEF e a Agência Sueca de Cooperação para o Desenvolvimento Internacional fornecendo subsídios em dinheiro para as pessoas que perderam suas casas durante o conflito. A prioridade foi dada às mães, idosos e deficientes. As pessoas receberam 35 dólares americanos para cada membro de sua família. No total, 41.000 dólares americanos foram dados para iniciar o processo de reconstrução.[14]

Referências

  1. ↑ «AJOP PRESS RELEASE: ETHNIC CLEANSING AGAINST OROMO PEOPLE IN WOLLO ZONE OF AMHARA REGION IN ETHIOPIA». AJOP 
  2. ↑ «Ataye : Oromo Liberation Front opened war in Amhara region». borkena. 20 de Março de 2021 
  3. ↑ «Death toll from clashes between Ethiopian Amhara, Oromo groups rises to 50 -residents». Reuters. 20 Abril 2021 
  4. ↑ a b «Death toll from clashes in Ethiopia's Amhara may be 200: Official». Al-Jazeera. 25 Abril 2021 
  5. ↑ «OROMO CONTINUE TO FLEE VIOLENCE». Cultural Survival 
  6. ↑ «NEWS: SECURITY FORCES ORDERED TO TAKE MEASURES AS WEEKEND VIOLENCE CLAIMS LIVES». addisstandard. 8 Abril 2019 
  7. ↑ «more than 80 thousand displaced by clashes in north cewa and oromo national zones». BBC. 31 Março 2021 
  8. ↑ Tsegaye, Getahun (16 de junho de 2021). «Analysis: Post-violence recovery in Oromo Special, North Shewa zones reel as thousands remain displaced». Addis Standard. Cópia arquivada em 25 de outubro de 2021 
  9. ↑ «NEWS: UNKNOWN NUMBER OF PEOPLE KILLED IN ONGOING VIOLENCE IN OROMIA SPECIAL ZONE AND NORTH SHEWA ZONE, AMHARA REGION AS WARRING FACTIONS TRADE BLAME». addisstandard. 22 Março 2021 
  10. ↑ «Death toll from clashes between Ethiopian Amhara, Oromo groups rises to 50 -residents». Reuters. 20 Abril 2021 
  11. ↑ «Over 1.5 Billion Birr Needed To Rebuild Ataye Town And Environs: Committee». fanabc 
  12. ↑ «Ethiopia: Anti-government protests likely to continue in Amhara region through early May». GardaWorld. 21 Abril 2021 
  13. ↑ «Over 1.5 Billion Birr Needed To Rebuild Ataye Town And Environs: Committee». fanabc 
  14. ↑ «Humanitarian cash grant help families rebuild their lives in Ethiopia». UNICEF 

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