Componente 3 do complemento

O componente 3 do complemento, conhecido também simplesmente como C3, é uma proteína do  sistema imune. Ele possui um papel central no sistema complemento e contribui para a imunidade inata. Em seres humanos, ele é codificado no cromossomo 19 por um gene chamado C3.[1][2]

Função

C3 participa de forma central na ativação do complemento.[3] Sua ativação é necessária tanto para a via clássica quanto para as vias alternativas de ativação. Pessoas com deficiência de C3 são mais susceptíveis a infecções bacterianas.[4][5]

Uma forma de C3-convertase conhecida também como C4b2a é formada por um heterodímero das formas ativas de C4 e C2. Ela catalisa a clivagem proteolítica de C3 em C3a e C3b,  gerada durante a ativação do sistema tanto pela via clássica quanto pela via das lectinas. C3a é uma anafilotoxina e é precursora de citocinas como ASP  e C3b é um agente opsonizante. O Fator I pode clivar C3b em C3c e C3d, sendo que esse último participa reforçando a resposta de células B. Na via alternativa, C3  é clivada por C3bBb, outra forma de C3-convertase composta das formas ativas de C3 (C3b) e do fator B (Bb). Uma vez que a C3 é ativada em C3b, um tioéster reativo é exposto, possibilitando a ligação covalente do peptídeo à qualquer superfície que providencie um nucleófilo como uma amina primária ou um grupo hidroxila. A C3 ativada pode então interagir com o fator B. O fator B é então ativado pelo fator D, formando Bb. O complexo resultante,  C3bBb,é chamada via alternativa (Alternative Pathway) (AP) C3 convertase.

C3bBb é desativada passo a passo. Primeiro, o componente proteolítico da convertase, Bb, é removido por proteínas reguladoras do complemento com atividade de fator acelerador de decaimento (DAF) . Em seguinte, C3b é quebrada progressivamente, primeiro formando iC3b, depois C3c +C3dg e, finalmente, C3d.  O Fator I é a protease que executa esses cortes, mas requer ajuda de outra proteína (Fator H, CR1, MCP or C4BP)  agindo como cofator.

Estrutura

Diversas estruturas cristalográficas de C3 já foram determinadas[6] e revelam que essa proteína contém 13 domínios.[7][8][9][10]

Uso clínico

O níveis de C3 no sangue pode ser medido para apoiar ou refutar certos diagnósticos médicos. Por exemplo, níveis baixos de C3 estão associados com alguns tipos de doenças renais como a glomerulonefrite pós infecciosa e a gromerulonefrite membranoproliferativa

Interações

CR interage com o Fator H.[11][12]

Referências

  1. de Bruijn MH, Fey GH (fevereiro de 1985). «Human complement component C3: cDNA coding sequence and derived primary structure». Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 82 (3): 708–12. PMC 397115Acessível livremente. PMID 2579379. doi:10.1073/pnas.82.3.708 
  2. «Entrez Gene: C3 complement component 3» 
  3. Sahu A, Lambris JD (abril de 2001). «Structure and biology of complement protein C3, a connecting link between innate and acquired immunity». Immunol. Rev. 180: 35–48. PMID 11414361. doi:10.1034/j.1600-065X.2001.1800103.x 
  4. Lachmann P (dezembro de 1975). «Genetics of the complement system». J. Med. Genet. 12 (4): 372–7. PMC 1013316Acessível livremente. PMID 768477. doi:10.1136/jmg.12.4.372 
  5. Matsuyama W, Nakagawa M, Takashima H, Muranaga F, Sano Y, Osame M (dezembro de 2001). «Molecular analysis of hereditary deficiency of the third component of complement (C3) in two sisters». Intern. Med. 40 (12): 1254–8. PMID 11813855. doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.40.1254 
  6. «Advanced search results for UniProt accession P01024». Protein Data Bank in Europe (PDBe). European Bioinformatics Institute. Consultado em 27 de dezembro de 2010 
  7. Janssen BJ, Huizinga EG, Raaijmakers HC, Roos A, Daha MR, Nilsson-Ekdahl K, Nilsson B, Gros P (setembro de 2005). «Structures of complement component C3 provide insights into the function and evolution of immunity». Nature. 437 (7058): 505–11. PMID 16177781. doi:10.1038/nature04005 
  8. Janssen BJ, Christodoulidou A, McCarthy A, Lambris JD, Gros P (novembro de 2006). «Structure of C3b reveals conformational changes that underlie complement activity». Nature. 444 (7116): 213–6. PMID 17051160. doi:10.1038/nature05172 
  9. Wiesmann C, Katschke KJ, Yin J, Helmy KY, Steffek M, Fairbrother WJ, McCallum SA, Embuscado L, DeForge L, Hass PE, van Lookeren Campagne M (novembro de 2006). «Structure of C3b in complex with CRIg gives insights into regulation of complement activation». Nature. 444 (7116): 217–20. PMID 17051150. doi:10.1038/nature05263 
  10. Fredslund F, Jenner L, Husted LB, Nyborg J, Andersen GR, Sottrup-Jensen L (agosto de 2006). «The structure of bovine complement component 3 reveals the basis for thioester function». J. Mol. Biol. 361 (1): 115–27. PMID 16831446. doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2006.06.009 
  11. Soames CJ, Sim RB (setembro de 1997). «Interactions between human complement components factor H, factor I and C3b». Biochem. J. 326 ( Pt 2): 553–61. PMC 1218704Acessível livremente. PMID 9291131 
  12. Jokiranta TS, Westin J, Nilsson UR, Nilsson B, Hellwage J, Löfås S, Gordon DL, Ekdahl KN, Meri S (março de 2001). «Complement C3b interactions studied with surface plasmon resonance technique». Int. Immunopharmacol. 1 (3): 495–506. PMID 11367533. doi:10.1016/S1567-5769(00)00042-4 

Leitura complementar

Ligações externas

Esse artigo incorpora tradução de textos da United States National Library of Medicine, que são de domínio público.

Read other articles:

Disambiguazione – Se stai cercando nel diritto internazionale, vedi Consuetudine (diritto internazionale). Questa voce o sezione sull'argomento diritto è ritenuta da controllare. Motivo: verificare se sia la stessa cosa di Usi e consuetudini ed eventualmente unire. Altrimenti spiegare le differenze Partecipa alla discussione e/o correggi la voce. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. Questa pagina sull'argomento diritto sembra trattare argomenti unificabili alla pagi...

 

Imam Ali MosqueAzerbaijani: İmam Əli məscidiReligionAffiliationIslamLocationLocation ShakiCountryAzerbaijanArchitectureStyleIslamic architectureCompleted1775SpecificationsCapacity660 м²Minaret height22mMaterialsbrick Imam Ali Mosque (Azerbaijani: İmam Əli məscidi) is a historical and architectural mosque located in the city of Sheki, Azerbaijan.[1] About mosque The mosque was built in Sheki, in the Ganjali quarter. The exact date of the mosques construction has not been preser...

 

For the U.S. Navy admiral, see Edward J. O'Donnell (military). His Excellency, The Most ReverendEdward Joseph O'DonnellBishop of LafayetteChurchRoman Catholic ChurchSeeDiocese of LafayetteIn officeNovember 8, 1994 toNovember 8, 2002PredecessorHarry Joseph FlynnSuccessorCharles Michael JarrellOther post(s)Auxiliary Bishop of Saint Louis1982 to 1994OrdersOrdinationApril 6, 1956by Joseph RitterConsecrationFebruary 10, 1983by John L. MayPersonal detailsBorn(1931-07-04)July 4, 1931St Lou...

العلاقات الإسبانية الزيمبابوية إسبانيا زيمبابوي   إسبانيا   زيمبابوي تعديل مصدري - تعديل   العلاقات الإسبانية الزيمبابوية هي العلاقات الثنائية التي تجمع بين إسبانيا وزيمبابوي.[1][2][3][4][5] مقارنة بين البلدين هذه مقارنة عامة ومرجعية للدولتي�...

 

Wali Kota TanjungbalaiPetahanaWaris Thalibsejak 22 Agustus 2022KediamanRumah Dinas Wali Kota TanjungbalaiMasa jabatan5 TahunDibentuk18 September 1956Pejabat pertamaEdwarsyah SyamsuraSitus webportal.tanjungbalaikota.go.id Berikut ini adalah Daftar Wali Kota Tanjungbalai dari masa ke masa. No Wali Kota Awal jabatan Akhir jabatan Keterangan Wakil Wali Kota 1 Edwarsyah Syamsura 1956 1958 2 Wan Wasmayuddin 1958 1960 3 Zainal Abidin 1960 1965 4 Syaiful Alamsyah 1965 1967 5 Anwar Idris 1967 197...

 

Orde KanadaLencana kelas Companion, Officer, dan MemberDeskripsiPenghargaan tertinggi untuk Kanada dan kemanusiaan, bakat dan pengabdian luar biasa bagi bangsa Kanada, atau kontribusi luar biasa bagi Kanada atau bangsa Kanada.Dipersembahkan oleh Ratu KanadaDiberikan perdana1 Juli 1967Situs webhttps://www.gg.ca/document.aspx?id=14940, https://www.gg.ca/en/honours/canadian-honours/order-canada, https://www.gg.ca/fr/distinctions/distinctions-canadiennes/ordre-du-canada  Orde Kanada (Inggris...

Montería FaultFalla de MonteríaEtymologyMonteríaCoordinates08°40′27″N 75°55′51″W / 8.67417°N 75.93083°W / 8.67417; -75.93083Country ColombiaRegionCaribbeanStateCórdobaCitiesMonteríaCharacteristicsRangeSinu-San Jacinto BasinPart ofAndean thrust faultsLength202.2 km (125.6 mi)Strike010 ± 4DipEastDip angleHighDisplacement<0.2 mm (0.0079 in)/yrTectonicsPlateNorth AndeanStatusInactiveTypeThrust faultMovementReverseAgeQuaternaryO...

 

Синелобый амазон Научная классификация Домен:ЭукариотыЦарство:ЖивотныеПодцарство:ЭуметазоиБез ранга:Двусторонне-симметричныеБез ранга:ВторичноротыеТип:ХордовыеПодтип:ПозвоночныеИнфратип:ЧелюстноротыеНадкласс:ЧетвероногиеКлада:АмниотыКлада:ЗавропсидыКласс:Пт�...

 

Artikel ini perlu diwikifikasi agar memenuhi standar kualitas Wikipedia. Anda dapat memberikan bantuan berupa penambahan pranala dalam, atau dengan merapikan tata letak dari artikel ini. Untuk keterangan lebih lanjut, klik [tampil] di bagian kanan. Mengganti markah HTML dengan markah wiki bila dimungkinkan. Tambahkan pranala wiki. Bila dirasa perlu, buatlah pautan ke artikel wiki lainnya dengan cara menambahkan [[ dan ]] pada kata yang bersangkutan (lihat WP:LINK untuk keterangan lebih lanjut...

Religious publication with readings for each day The Upper Room daily devotional sits behind a vase on an Anglican Christian home altar. A daily devotional is a religious publication that provides a specific spiritual reading for each calendar day. Many daily devotionals take the form of one year devotional books, with many being tailored specifically for children, teenagers, students, men and women. Traditionally daily devotionals came in the format of a book, with one reading passage for ea...

 

Untuk tempat lain yang bernama sama, lihat Kalideres. KalideresDesaNegara IndonesiaProvinsiJawa BaratKabupatenCirebonKecamatanKaliwediKode Kemendagri32.09.29.2001 Luas... km²Jumlah penduduk3.575 jiwa (1997)Kepadatan... jiwa/km² Kalideres adalah sebuah desa di kecamatan Kaliwedi, Cirebon, Jawa Barat, Indonesia. Sejarah Bab atau bagian ini tidak memiliki referensi atau sumber tepercaya sehingga isinya tidak bisa dipastikan. Tolong bantu perbaiki artikel ini dengan menambahkan referensi y...

 

  Hierbabuena M. spicata var. crispataTaxonomíaReino: PlantaeDivisión: MagnoliophytaClase: MagnoliopsidaOrden: LamialesFamilia: LamiaceaeSubfamilia: NepetoideaeTribu: MentheaeGénero: MenthaEspecie: Mentha spicataL., 1753[editar datos en Wikidata] Mentha spicata, conocida popularmente como hierbabuena, yerbabuena o menta de jardín, es una especie del género Mentha, una hierba aromática muy empleada en gastronomía y perfumería por su aroma intenso y fresco. Inflorescencia...

Karte des Landkreises Dahme-Spreewald Die Liste der Bau- und Bodendenkmale im Landkreis Dahme-Spreewald enthält die Kulturdenkmale (Bau- und Bodendenkmale) im Landkreis Dahme-Spreewald. Grundlage der Einzellisten sind die in den jeweiligen Listen angegebenen Quellen. Die Angaben in den einzelnen Listen ersetzen nicht die rechtsverbindliche Auskunft der zuständigen Denkmalschutzbehörde.[Anm. 1] Aufteilung Wegen der großen Anzahl von Kulturdenkmalen im Landkreis Dahme-Spreewald ist ...

 

بريدغر   الإحداثيات 45°17′40″N 108°54′58″W / 45.2944°N 108.916°W / 45.2944; -108.916   [1] سبب التسمية جيم بريدغر  تقسيم إداري  البلد الولايات المتحدة[2]  التقسيم الأعلى مقاطعة كربون  خصائص جغرافية  المساحة 2.060628 كيلومتر مربع2.082175 كيلومتر مربع (1 أبريل 2010)  ا�...

 

Флаг Казахской Советской Социалистической Республики Субъект Казахская Советская Социалистическая Республика Страна СССР Утверждён 24 января 1953 Отменён 4 июня 1992 Пропорция 1:2  Медиафайлы на Викискладе Флаг Казахской ССР — государственный символ Казахской ССР. Ко�...

American politician (1934–2014) Jim JeffordsUnited States Senatorfrom VermontIn officeJanuary 3, 1989 – January 3, 2007Preceded byRobert StaffordSucceeded byBernie Sanders Committee positions1997–⁠2003 Chair of the Senate Environment and Public Works CommitteeIn officeJune 6, 2001 – January 3, 2003Preceded byBob SmithSucceeded byJim InhofeChair of the Senate Health, Education, Labor and Pensions CommitteeIn officeJanuary 20, 2001 – June 6, 2001Prece...

 

Period of feminist activity, 19th and early 20th centuries Part of a series onFeminism History Feminist history History of feminism Women's history American British Canadian German Waves First Second Third Fourth Timelines Women's suffrage Muslim countries US Other women's rights Women's suffrage by country Austria Australia Canada Colombia India Japan Kuwait Liechtenstein New Zealand Spain Second Republic Francoist Switzerland United Kingdom Cayman Islands Wales United States states Intersec...

 

Armenia padaOlimpiadeKode IOCARMKONKomite Olimpiade Nasional ArmeniaSitus webwww.armnoc.am (dalam bahasa tidak diketahui)Medali 2 6 6 Total 14 Penampilan Musim Panas1996200020042008201220162020Penampilan Musim Dingin19941998200220062010201420182022 Berikut ini adalah daftar pembawa bendera yang mewakili Armenia pada Olimpiade.[1] Para pembawa bendera membawa bendera nasional negara mereka pada acara pembukaan Permainan Olimpiade. # Tahun acara Musim Pembawa bendera Olah...

诺沃里藏特Novorizonte市镇诺沃里藏特在巴西的位置坐标:16°01′01″S 42°24′28″W / 16.0169°S 42.4078°W / -16.0169; -42.4078国家巴西州米纳斯吉拉斯州面积 • 总计264.076 平方公里(101.960 平方英里)海拔920 公尺(3,020 英尺)人口 • 總計4,899人 • 密度18.6人/平方公里(48人/平方英里) 诺沃里藏特(葡萄牙语:Novorizonte)是巴西米...

 

PenrodIklan untuk Penrod pada laman 5 dari edisi 18 Februari 1922 dari Duluth HeraldSutradaraMarshall NeilanSkenarioLucita SquierBerdasarkanPenrodoleh Booth TarkingtonPemeranWesley BarryTully MarshallClaire McDowellJohn HarronGordon GriffithNewton HallSinematograferDavid KessonRay JunePenyuntingDaniel J. GrayPerusahaanproduksiMarshall Neilan ProductionsDistributorAssociated First National PicturesTanggal rilis 20 Februari 1922 (1922-02-20) Durasi80 menitNegaraAmerika SerikatBahasaInggris...