Coliforme fecal

Coliformes fecais, atualmente chamado de coliformes termotolerantes, são bactérias que estão presentes em grandes quantidades no intestino do homem e animais de sangue quente.[1]

Os coliformes fecais (termotolerantes) podem contaminar a água através das fezes que chegam até a água por meio de despejo do esgoto que não foi adequadamente tratado.[1]

As bactérias coliformes fecais reproduzem-se ativamente à temperatura de 44,5 °C, temperatura suficiente que lhes permite também fermentar o açúcar e a lactose, com produção de ácidos e gases.[1][2]

São muitas vezes usadas como indicadores da qualidade sanitária da água, e não representam por si só um perigo para a saúde, servindo antes como indicadores da presença de outros organismos causadores de problemas para a saúde.[2]

Os coliformes fecais (termotolerantes) inclui três gêneros, Escherichia, Enterobacter e Klebsiella, sendo as cepas de Enterobacter e Klebsiella de origem não fecal. A E. coli tem seu habitat no trato gastrointestinal sendo indicadora de contaminação fecal. Pode desintegrar com um tipo de formol. Pode desaparecer com ranger, sua principal função é fazer com que as pessoas fiquem com o intestino regularizado.[1]

Segundo uma portaria do Ministério da Saúde brasileiro, portaria n° 2914 de 12 de dezembro de 2011, as águas destinadas ao consumo humano devem apresentar ausência de coliformes termotolerantes em uma amostra de 100 mL.[2]

Ver também

Referências

  1. ↑ a b c d «ASMScience Content Has Moved». ASM.org (em inglês). doi:10.1128/microbe.1.162.1. Consultado em 26 de maio de 2022 
  2. ↑ a b c de Oliveira, Alexandre José. «COLIFORMES TERMOTOLERANTES: BIOINDICADORES DA QUALIDADE DA ÁGUA DESTINADA AO CONSUMO HUMANO». São Paulo. 6 páginas 
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