Clubionidae

Como ler uma infocaixa de taxonomiaClubionidae
Classificação científica
Reino: Animalia
Filo: Arthropoda
Classe: Arachnida
Ordem: Araneae
Subordem: Araneomorphae
Secção: Entelegynae
Superfamília: incertae sedis
Família: Clubionidae
Wagner, 1887[1]
Diversidade
14 géneros, 541 espécies
Distribuição geográfica

Clubionidae é uma família de aranhas araneomorfas[2] que resultou da desagregação da anterior família homónima que incluía todas as aranhas que tenham 8 olhos agrupados em duas filas[3] e fieiras anteriores cónicas adjacentes e que sejam construtoras de teias em forma de saco (daí o nome comum inglês sac spiders).[4]

Descrição

A família Clubionidae é um taxon relativamente rico em espécies, englobando pelo menos 537 espécies validamente descritas agrupadas em 14 géneros. As espécies incluídas variam em tamanho de pequeno a médio, com comprimentos corporais de 2,5 a 12 mm. Apresentam 8 olhos, agrupados em duas filas,[3] e as fieiras anteriores são cónicas e adjacentes entre pares.

São aranhas construtoras de teias em forma de saco que preferem como habitat os solos herborizados de clareiras e outras áreas abertas, mas algumas espécies habitam folhagens, galhos e ramos de árvores.

As espécies desta família apresentam tendência para ter maior actividade durante a noite, passando o dia retiradas em teias em forma de saco, com ou sem aberturas nos extremos. As teias, na realidae simples abrigos para retiro, são colocadas em folhas dobradas ou enroladas, por detrás da casca solta das árvores, debaixo de pedras ou de outros objetos que encontrem no chão.

Taxonomia

Na América do Norte a família como atualmente é delimitada está apenas representada por dos géneros: Clubiona e Elaver (anteriormente Clubionoides). O género Clubiona é quase cosmopolita.

Na sua actual configuração, a família Clubionidae inclui os seguintes géneros:[2]

Notas

  1. ↑ Platnick, N. I. (2010). Clubionidae. The world spider catalog, version 11.0. American Museum of Natural History.
  2. ↑ a b «Cópia arquivada». Consultado em 20 de janeiro de 2013. Arquivado do original em 14 de julho de 2012 
  3. ↑ a b http://www.bio.brandeis.edu/fieldbio/Spiders_Savransky_Suhd_Brondstatter/Pages/Fam_Clubionidae.html
  4. ↑ Tree of Life Web Project. 2006. Clubionidae. Version 25 March 2006 (temporary). http://tolweb.org/Clubionidae/2675/2006.03.25 in The Tree of Life Web Project, http://tolweb.org/

Ver também

Ligações externas

Commons
Commons
O Commons possui imagens e outros ficheiros sobre Clubionidae
Wikispecies
Wikispecies
O Wikispecies tem informações sobre: Clubionidae

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