Clã Shimazu

kamon do Clã Shimazu

O clã Shimazu (島津氏 Shimazu-shi?) foi um clã daimyo da região (han) de Satsuma, que se disseminou pelas províncias japonesas de Satsuma, Ōsumi e Hyūga.

História

Túmulo da família Shimazu no Monte Kōya.

Os Shimazu eram descendentes do ramo familiar Seiwa Genji o poderoso clã Minamoto. O fundador, Shimazu Tadahisa (falecido em 1227), o filho do shogun Minamoto no Yoritomo (1147-1199) e irmão de Hiki Yoshikazu. A esposa de Tadahisa era a filha de Koremune Hironobu, descendente do clã Hata, do qual tomou o nome Tadahisa.

Tadahisa recebeu o "domínio" de Shioda na província de Shinano em 1186 e, em seguida, foi nomeado shugo da província de Satsuma. Enviou a Honda Sadachika para tomar posse da província em seu nome e acompanhar Yoritomo na sua expedição a Mutsu em 1189. Tadahisa foi para Satsuma em 1196; colocou sob seu controle as províncias Hyuga e Ōsumi; e construiu um castelo no "domínio" de Shimazu (Hyuga), cujo nome foi mais tarde adotado.

Os Shimazu foram uma das famílias daimyo do período Edo que havia tido a posse do seu território continuamente desde o período Kamakura, e no seu auge tornou-se numa das famílias tozama mais ricas e poderosas, com uma renda de mais de 700 mil koku.[1]

O chefe do clã XIX, Yoshihiro ( 1535 - 1619 ),era o então daimyo no momento em que a Batalha de Sekigahara teve início, na criação do xogunato Tokugawa, e no cerco de Osaka.[2] Porém, o seu sobrinho e sucessor, Shimazu Tadatsune, detinha um poder significativo durante as duas primeiras décadas do século XVII, e organizou a invasão Shimazu do reino de Ryukyu (atual Okinawa) em 1609. Tokugawa permitiu a invasão visto que querer apaziguar os Shimazu e evitar possíveis levantes depois de terem perdido em Sekigahara.[3] Os benefícios comerciais recebidos e o prestígio político de ser a única família daimyo no controle de todo um estado estrangeiro, assegurou e fortaleceu a posição da família como uma das mais poderosas famílias de daimyo no Japão daquela época.

Ordem de sucessão

  1. Shimazu Tadahisa
  2. Shimazu Tadatoki[4]
  3. Shimazu Hisatsune[4]
  4. Shimazu Tadamune
  5. Shimazu Sadahisa[4]
  6. Shimazu Ujihisa
  7. Shimazu Motohisa
  8. Shimazu Hisatoyo
  9. Shimazu Tadakuni
  10. Shimazu Tatsuhisa
  11. Shimazu Tadamasa
  12. Shimazu Tadaharu
  13. Shimazu Tadataka
  14. Shimazu Katsuhisa
  15. Shimazu Takahisa
  16. Shimazu Yoshihisa
  17. Shimazu Yoshihiro
  18. Shimazu Tadatsune
  19. Shimazu Mitsuhisa
  20. Shimazu Tsunataka
  21. Shimazu Yoshitaka
  22. Shimazu Tsugutoyo
  23. Shimazu Munenobu
  24. Shimazu Shigetoshi
  25. Shimazu Shigehide
  26. Shimazu Narinobu
  27. Shimazu Narioki
  28. Shimazu Nariakira
  29. Shimazu Tadayoshi (2º)
  30. Shimazu Tadashige
  31. Shimazu Tadahide
  32. Shimazu Nobuhiso

Outros membros

Súbditos destacados

Referências

  1. ↑ Appert, Georges (1888). «Ancien Japon». p. 77 
  2. ↑ Frédéric, Louis (2002). Japan Encyclopedia. Harvard: Harvard University Press. 1102 páginas. ISBN 0674017536 
  3. ↑ George, Kerr (2000). Okinawa: The History of an Island People. Massachusetts: Tuttle Publishing. 573 páginas. ISBN 0804820872 
  4. ↑ a b c Kerr, p. 58., p. 58, no Google Livros

Bibliografia

O Commons possui uma categoria com imagens e outros ficheiros sobre Clã Shimazu

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