Ciarán de Clonmacnoise

São Ciarán de Clonmacnoise
Ciarán de Clonmacnoise
Um vitral de São Ciarán na Igreja de São Brandão, em Birr, Irlanda.
Nascimento 516
Condado de Roscommon, Irlanda
Morte 546
Clonmacnoise
Veneração por Igreja Católica Romana
Igreja Ortodoxa
Festa litúrgica 9 de setembro
Portal dos Santos

São Ciarán de Clonmacnoise (c. 516 – c. 549),[1] supostamente nascido como Ciarán mac an tSaeir[2] foi um dos Doze Apóstolos da Irlanda[3] e o primeiro abade de Clonmacnoise. Ele é por vezes referido como Ciarán o Jovem para o distinguir de São Ciarán o Velho, que foi bispo de Osraige. O seu nome é produzido em muitas variantes diferentes, incluindo Ceran, Kieran e Queran.

Biografia

Ciarán (esquerda) e Diarmait mac Cerbaill representados na Cruz das Escrituras, segurando um bastão na fundação de Clonmacnoise.[4]

Ciarán nasceu por volta de 516 no condado de Roscommon, Connacht, na Irlanda.[2] O seu pai era carpinteiro.[5] Ainda jovem, Ciarán trabalhou com gado.[6]

Ele foi um dos estudantes de Finnian de Clonard e, posteriormente, tornou-se ele próprio um professor.[2] Columba de Iona disse que Ciarán "era uma lâmpada, brilhando com toda a luz do conhecimento".[6] Por volta de 534, ele deixou Clonard e foi para Inishmore, onde estudou sob a instrução de Enda de Aran, que o ordenou padre e aconselhou-se a construir uma igreja e um mosteiro no meio da Irlanda.[2] Mais tarde, ele viajou para Senan na Ilha Scattery, por volta de 541. Em 544 ele finalmente assenta em Clonmacnoise, onde ele funda o Mosteiro de Clonmacnoise juntamente com dez companheiros.[7] Como abade, ele trabalhou nos primeiro edifícios do mosteiro; contudo, ele faleceu sete meses depois devido à praga, quando ainda estava na casa dos 30.[2] O dia 9 de Setembro é o dia no qual é celebrado.[2]

Legado

Clonmacnoise vista a partir do rio

O mosteiro em Clonmacnoise tornou-se um dos centros de aprendizagem e religião mais importantes do centro da Irlanda.[6] Algo fora do comum, o título de abade - que incluía o título "Comarba de São Ciarán" - na comunidade não era hereditário, algo que reflectia as origens humildes do seu fundador. Este mosteiro sobreviveu aos ataques dos viquingues e às guerras anglo-normandas, e foi apenas destruído durante a Dissolução dos Mosteiros, em 1552. As suas ruínas ainda existem, e continuam a ser um centro de actividades cívicas e religiosas.

Os tesouros do santuário de Ciarán foram dispersados durante a era medieval, embora o báculo de Clonmacnoise ainda exista e esteja guardado no Museu Nacional da Irlanda.[7]

Uma escola primeira leva o seu nome.

Referências

  1. ↑ Monahan, John (1886). Records Relating to the Dioceses of Ardagh and Clonmacnoise. [S.l.]: M.H. Gill and Son. p. 52 
  2. ↑ a b c d e f Healy, John (1 de março de 1908), «Abbey and School of Clonmacnoise», New York: Robert Appleton Company, The Catholic Encyclopedia, IV, consultado em 9 de fevereiro de 2008 
  3. ↑ Gratton-Flood, W.H. (1 de março de 1907), «The Twelve Apostles of Erin», New York: Robert Appleton Company, The Catholic Encyclopedia, I, consultado em 9 de fevereiro de 2008 
  4. ↑ Byrne, Francis John (1973), Irish Kings and High-Kings, ISBN 0-7134-5882-8, London: Batsford, p. 91 
  5. ↑ "St Ciaran of Clonmacnois", Orthodox Church in America
  6. ↑ a b c Haggerty, Bridget. "St. Kieran of Clonmacnoise", Irish Culture and Customs
  7. ↑ a b Farmer, David Hugh (1997). The Oxford dictionary of saints 4th ed. Oxford [u.a.]: Oxford Univ. Press. 102 páginas. ISBN 9780192800589 

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