Chaco

Chaco
Geografia
Países
Parte de
planície chaco-pampeana (d)
Altitude
310 m
Coordenadas
Funcionamento
Estatuto
planície
ecorregião da WWF (en)
ecorregião
Mapa

editar - editar código-fonte - editar WikidataDocumentação da predefinição

Chaco ou Gran Chaco (do quíchua: chaku, "território de caça") é uma região geográfica da América do Sul. Possui aproximadamente 1 280 000 quilômetros quadrados e abrange partes dos territórios da Bolívia, Argentina, Paraguai e Brasil.

Caracteriza-se por muitos ecossistemas e climas distintos, que variam dos pampas a florestas e semiárido. As temperaturas oscilam entre -7 graus Celsius no inverno e 47 graus Celsius no verão. O regime de chuvas também é bem diversificado, indo de 400 milímetros ao ano na região oeste até atingir 1 600 milímetros já próximo a Assunção, no Paraguai.

O nome dessa região deriva do termo "chacu", que na língua quéchua significa variedade e diversidade de coisas animadas ou inanimadas que existem.[1]

Localização

O Gran Chaco é uma vasta planície de floresta e selva. Ao norte, se estende para o norte do paralelo 16 graus sul, em Santa Cruz de la Sierra, na Bolívia; a leste, abrange as encostas ocidentais do Pantanal, no Brasil, e as bacias dos rios Otuquis e Parapetí, sendo delimitado pelo rio Paraná; para o sul, atinge o norte da província de Córdoba, na Argentina; a oeste, abrange o oeste do Altiplano Yungas. Assim, o Gran Chaco cobre 1 280 000 km² distribuídos entre os países da Argentina (40%), Bolívia (35%), Paraguai (20%) e Brasil (5%).O pantanal funciona como um grande reservatório de água e é considerado pela UNESCO como patrimônio natural mundial e reserva da biosfera, sendo assim considerado a maior planície inundada contínua do planeta, mesmo sendo uma fração da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio da Prata.

Subdivisões

É dividido de norte a sul em:

Clima

Embora nas latitudes onde o Gran Chaco se estende a região seja geralmente muito quente, o fato é que, devido aos regimes de ventos continental e sazonal (correntes de vento especialmente da Antártida), há grandes variações de calor entre o dia e a noite e entre as estações do ano. Assim, nas Grandes Salinas localizadas na extremidade sudoeste do Gran Chaco, no verão (principalmente em janeiro), as temperaturas ultrapassam 44 graus Celsius, enquanto que, nos arredores de Assunção, não são incomuns, para algumas noites julho (inverno), as temperaturas de quase 0 grau Celsius, e, no Chaco Tarijeño (perto de Villamontes e Yacuiba), ocorre queda de neve. Ou seja, são bastante comuns temperaturas abaixo de 5 graus celsius, apesar de sua localização muito ao norte do Trópico de Capricórnio. Já na parte sul da região, na Argentina, as temperaturas extremas podem passar dos 48 graus celsius.

Ver também

Referências

  1. ↑ Abriendo fronteras en el sur cordobés, em espanhol, acesso em 16 de março de 208.
  2. ↑ «iGuarani.com - Diccionario Traductor Guarani Online». www.iguarani.com. Consultado em 31 de agosto de 2017 
  • ENCICLOPÉDIA Delta Universal. Rio de Janeiro: Ed. Delta S.A., 1985

Bibliografia

  • Aguirre, Juan Francisco (1898). Etnografía del Chaco (1793). Boletín del Instituto Geográfico Argentino 19: 464-510.

Ligações externas

O Commons possui uma categoria com imagens e outros ficheiros sobre Chaco

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