Caverna Voronya

A Caverna Voronya, também conhecida como Krubera-Vorónia, é a segunda caverna mais profunda do mundo, localizada no Maciço Arabika, na Abecásia, uma república independente da Geórgia, na região do Cáucaso. Sua entrada situa-se à 2.240 metros de altitude, a 15 quilômetros do mar Negro. Em 2005, o CAVEX Team descobriu uma nova parte inexplorada, ampliando ainda mais a profundidade da caverna, que já havia quebrado o recorde em 2004, atingindo 2.080 metros.[1]

História da exploração

Os eventos de exploração da Caverna Voronya incluem marcos significativos:

  • 1960: Exploradores georgianos descobrem a caverna e exploram até -180 metros.
  • Meados dos anos 80: Clube de Kiev explora a caverna até -340 metros.
  • Agosto de 1999: O Time Ucraniano do Segundo Escalão encontra uma "janela" a -230 metros, levando-os ao salão "Non-Kuibyshevskaya" a -700 metros.
  • Agosto de 2000: O Segundo Time do Escalão continua a exploração até -1200 metros.
  • Setembro de 2000: UkrSA e time de MTDE exploram até -1410 metros.
  • Janeiro de 2001: UkrSA e time da Cavex exploram uma janela a -1350 metros, conduzindo a uma fossa a -1430 metros e uma passagem lateral a -1420 metros, alcançando -1710 metros.
  • Agosto de 2003: Cavex e Clube de Kiev passam pela fossa a -1440 metros, descobrindo novas passagens até -1660 metros.
  • Julho de 2004: A equipe Cavex emparelha e continua até uma nova fossa a -1810 metros.
  • Agosto de 2004: Equipe UkrSA encontra uma passagem lateral a -1660 metros, levando a outra fossa a -1824 metros.
  • Outubro de 2004: A equipe UkrSA desce até -2080 metros, cruzando pela primeira vez a marca de -2000 metros em uma caverna.
  • Fevereiro de 2005: A equipe UkrSA passa uma fossa na marca de -1980 metros.
  • Julho de 2005: A equipe Cavex desce até -2140 metros, estabelecendo o recorde mundial para a maior profundidade explorada em uma caverna.
  • Julho-Agosto de 2012: A equipe Cavex realiza estudos biológicos sob a coordenação de Ana Sofia Reboleira e Alberto Sendra, desde a entrada até ao sifão final (Dva Kapitana).[2][3]

Referências

  1. ↑ «CAVEX Team» (em espanhol). Consultado em 30 de agosto de 2021 
  2. ↑ Sendra, A.; Reboleira, A.S.P.S. (2012), «The world's deepest subterranean community - Krubera-Voronja Cave (Western Caucasus)», USA, International Journal of Speleology, 42 (2): 221-230 
  3. ↑ Jordana, R.; Baquero, E.; Reboleira, S.; Sendra, A. (2012), «Reviews of the genera Schaefferia Absolon, 1900,Deuteraphorura Absolon, 1901, Plutomurus Yosii, 1956 and the Anurida Laboulbène, 1865 species group without eyes, with the description of four new species of cave springtails (Collembola) from Krubera-Voronya cave, Arabika Massif, Abkhazia», Netherlands, Terrestrial Arthropod Reviews, 5: 35-85 

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