Caveira sobre ossos cruzados

A caveira (crânio) sobre ossos cruzados é um símbolo que consiste de um crânio humano e dois ossos longos cruzados juntamente sob o crânio. É geralmente utilizado como um aviso de perigo, normalmente em relação a substâncias tóxicas, tais como produtos químicos mortais (venenos), e eletricidade. Além disso, o crânio é um símbolo importante no militarismo. Desde meados do século XVIII, os símbolos de caveira são oficialmente utilizados nos exércitos europeus. Um dos primeiros regimentos a adotá-los foram os hussardos frídericos em 1741, também conhecidos como "Hussardos da Caveira". A partir dessa tradição, o crânio tornou-se um símbolo crucial nas forças armadas alemãs. Foi utilizado no exército prussiano, após a Primeira Guerra Mundial pelos Freikorps, e na Alemanha nazista pela Wehrmacht e pela SS.^[1]

Adoção pela pirataria

Variações da caveira e ossos cruzados têm sido usados por diversas forças militares. A mais importante é sobre as bandeiras de piratas, o "Jolly Roger".^[2]

Adoção por sociedades secretas

O crânio e ossos cruzados foi usado por muitas fraternidades universitárias estadunidenses e sociedades secretas fundadas nos séculos XIX e XX. O exemplo mais conhecido desse uso é a sociedade Skull and Bones, uma sociedade secreta na Universidade de Yale que deriva o seu próprio nome do símbolo. Outras fraternidades colegiais que usam o crânio e os ossos de alguma forma em seus símbolos públicos incluem, mas não se limitam a: Delta Sigma Pi, Pi Kappa Alpha, Kappa Sigma, Sigma Phi Epsilon, Phi Kappa Sigma Tau Kappa Epsilon, Chi Psi e Zeta Beta Tau e Sigma Sigma Sigma e Chi Omega. Outros grupos fraternais também usam o caveira e ossos cruzados em seu simbolismo e / ou em seus rituais secretos fraternos. Esses grupos incluem os Cavaleiros de Colombo, assim como o grau Cavaleiros Templários da Maçonaria. ^[^{carece de fontes?]}

No uso nas fraternidades, da caveira e ossos cruzados - juntamente com esqueletos completos e o crânio sozinho - são um tema muito comum devido à sua associação comum com a morte. O significado destes símbolos variam de grupo para grupo. Para alguns, eles são um lembrete simbólico de mortalidade.^[3] Para outros, o símbolo tem uma referência religiosa (como acontece com os Cavaleiros Templários Maçônicos, para a qual o crânio e os ossos simbolizam o Gólgota, (o local da crucificação de Jesus). Outro uso comum das fraternidades é um aviso em que a caveira e ossos cruzados simbolizam um terrível aviso contra a trair os segredos do grupo e / ou não de manter o juramento.

Ver também

Bucrânio

Referências

↑ Ruda, Adrian (2023). Der Totenkopf als Motiv. Eine historisch-kulturanthropologische Analyse zwischen Militär und Moden (em alemão). Colónia: Böhlau/Brill. ISBN 9783412528904
↑ Sérgio Pereira Couto (2006). A HISTORIA SECRETA DOS PIRATAS. [S.l.]: Universo dos Livros
↑ Sangeet Duchane (2004). O PEQUENO LIVRO DA FRANCO-MAÇONARIA. [S.l.]: Pensamento-Cultrix

Read other articles:

Biologi manusia

Biologi manusia adalah bidang akademik interdisiplin antara biologi, antropologi fisik, ilmu gizi, dan kedokteran yang terfokus pada manusia. Ilmu ini juga terkait erat dengan biologi primata serta berbagai bidang lain. Istilah humanbiologie (Bahasa Jerman: biologi manusia) pertama kali digunakan oleh Ernst Freiherr von Blomberg dalam bukunya Beiträge zur Studien der Thierverwandlungen (1891). Departemen biologi manusia didirikan pada tahun 1970 di Universitas Stanford. Pranala luar The Prog...

Герб Армении

Герб Армении Версии Детали Утверждён 19 апреля 1992 года Щит Гора Арарат, Ноев ковчег, Багратиды, Аршакиды, Арташесиды, Рубениды Щитодержатели Орёл и Лев Основание колосья пшеницы, перо, цепь, меч и лента Ранние версии 1918 года Медиафайлы на Викискладе Герб Арме́нии, или Ге...

Jawa Timur VIII (daerah pemilihan)

Jawa Timur VIIIDaerah Pemilihan / Daerah pemilihanuntuk Dewan Perwakilan RakyatRepublik IndonesiaWilayah Daftar Kabupaten : Jombang Madiun Mojokerto Nganjuk Kota : Madiun Mojokerto ProvinsiJawa TimurPopulasi4.712.873 (2023)[1]Elektorat3.549.110 (2024)[2]Daerah pemilihan saat iniDibentuk2004Kursi10Anggota Muhaimin Iskandar (PKB) Muhtarom (PKB) Bimantoro Wiyono (Gerindra) Mindo Sianipar (PDI-P) Sadarestuwati (PDI-P) Yahya Zaini (Golk...

You'll Be Gone

1965 single by Elvis PresleyYou'll Be Gone1965 U.S. RCA Victor 45 picture sleeve, 47-8500Single by Elvis Presleyfrom the album Girl Happy A-sideDo the ClamReleasedFebruary 9, 1965RecordedMarch 18, 1962GenrePoprock and rollLength2:20LabelRCA VictorSongwriter(s)Elvis PresleyRed WestCharlie HodgeElvis Presley singles chronology Blue Christmas (1965) Do the Clam / You'll Be Gone (1965) Crying in the Chapel (1965) You'll Be Gone is a song recorded by Elvis Presley and published by Elvis Presley Mu...

Philip Pendleton Barbour

Philip Pendleton Barbour Hakim Mahkamah Agung Amerika SerikatMasa jabatan12 Mai 1836 – 25 Februari 1841 Informasi pribadiKebangsaanAmerika SerikatProfesiHakimSunting kotak info • L • B Philip Pendleton Barbour adalah hakim Mahkamah Agung Amerika Serikat. Ia mulai menjabat sebagai hakim pada mahkamah tersebut pada tanggal 12 Mai 1836. Masa baktinya sebagai hakim berakhir pada tanggal 25 Februari 1841.[1] Referensi ^ Justices 1789 to Present. Washington, D.C.: M...

Claude François

Artikel ini membutuhkan rujukan tambahan agar kualitasnya dapat dipastikan. Mohon bantu kami mengembangkan artikel ini dengan cara menambahkan rujukan ke sumber tepercaya. Pernyataan tak bersumber bisa saja dipertentangkan dan dihapus.Cari sumber: Claude François – berita · surat kabar · buku · cendekiawan · JSTOR (July 2009) Claude FrançoisFrançois pada tahun 1965Informasi latar belakangNama lahirClaude Antoine Marie FrançoisNama lainClocloLahir(...

The Voyage (album)

This article is about the Johnny Duhan album. For other albums with similar titles, see Voyage (disambiguation). This article includes a list of references, related reading, or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please help improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (June 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this message) 2005 studio album by Johnny DuhanThe VoyageStudio album by Johnny DuhanReleased2005GenreFolk The Voyag...

استعادة السائل الموهن بالانقلاب

استعادة السائل الموهن بالانقلاب بعد التباين في حالة التهاب سحايا. استعادة السائل الموهن بالانقلاب[1] (بالإنجليزية: Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery)‏ يُعرف اختصارًا باسم FLAIR، هو سلسلة التصوير بالرنين المغناطيسي مع استعادة بالانقلاب لمجموعة فارغة السوائل. مثلًا قد يستعمل في تصوير ا...

بطولة العالم للأندية 2001

بطولة العالم للأندية 2001تفاصيل المسابقةالبلد المضيف إسبانياالتواريخ28 يوليو - 12 أغسطسالفرق12إحصائيات المسابقةالمباريات الملعوبة0→ 2000 2005 ← بطولة العالم للأندية 2001، بطولة من تنفيذ الاتحاد الدولي لكرة القدم فيفا كان مقرر لها أن تقام في إسبانيا عام 2001 كنسخة ثانية بعد النسخ...

Northern Ireland Electricity

Irish energy company Northern Ireland Electricity Networks LimitedCompany typePrivate (subsidiary of ESB Group)IndustryEnergyFounded1991HeadquartersNorthern IrelandRevenue £302.5 million (2022)Operating income £117.1 million (2022)Net income £57.3 million (2022)Number of employees 1367 (Dec 2022)ParentESB GroupWebsitewww.nienetworks.co.uk Footnotes / references[1] Northern Ireland Electricity Networks Limited (NIE Networks) is the electricity asset owner of the transmissio...

Slovenia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2006

Eurovision Song Contest 2006Country SloveniaNational selectionSelection processEMA 2006Selection date(s)29 January 2006Selected entrantAnžej DežanSelected songMr NobodySelected songwriter(s)Matjaž VlašičUrša VlašičFinals performanceSemi-final resultFailed to qualify (16th)Slovenia in the Eurovision Song Contest ◄2005 • 2006 • 2007► Slovenia participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 2006 with the song Mr Nobody written by Urša Vlašić and...

Stephanus Jacobus du Toit

Afrikaans clergyman, founder of the First Afrikaans Language Movement (1847–1911) You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Afrikaans. (March 2021) Click [show] for important translation instructions. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated ...

Firouz Karimi

Iranian football manager (born 1958) This biography of a living person needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libelous.Find sources: Firouz Karimi – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (January 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this...

Wrestling at the 1956 Summer Olympics – Men's Greco-Roman heavyweight

Wrestling at the Olympics Men's Greco-Roman heavyweightat the Games of the XVI OlympiadVenueRoyal Exhibition BuildingDates3–6 DecemberCompetitors10 from 10 nationsMedalists Anatoly Parfyonov Soviet Union Wilfried Dietrich United Team of Germany Adelmo Bulgarelli Italy← 19521960 → Wrestling at the1956 Summer OlympicsGreco-RomanFlymenBantammenFeathermenLightmenWeltermenMiddlemenLight heavymenHeavymenFreestyleFlymenBantammenFeathermenLightmenWe...

Denniston, New Zealand

Place in West Coast, New ZealandDennistonDennistonCoordinates: 41°43′53″S 171°47′22″E / 41.73139°S 171.78944°E / -41.73139; 171.78944CountryNew ZealandRegionWest CoastDistrictBuller DistrictElectoratesWest Coast-TasmanTe Tai Tonga Denniston is a small settlement, 15 kilometres (9 miles) east of Westport, on the West Coast of the South Island of New Zealand. It is situated on the Denniston Plateau, 600 metres (2,000 ft) above sea level in the Papahaua ...

羅賓 (漫畫)

罗宾Robin迪克·格雷森版罗宾形象米克尔·詹宁（Mikel Janín）绘制出版商DC漫画首次登场《侦探漫画》第38期（1940年4月）创作者比尔·芬格 / 鲍勃·凯恩 / 杰里·罗宾逊（英语：Jerry Robinson）角色迪克·格雷森杰森·托特蒂姆·德雷克斯蒂芬妮·布朗（英语：Stephanie Brown (comics)）达米安·韦恩《罗宾》《罗宾》第二卷第1期（1993年11月）封面，迪克·格雷森版罗宾。�...

MSC Divina

Questa voce o sezione sull'argomento navi non cita le fonti necessarie o quelle presenti sono insufficienti. Puoi migliorare questa voce aggiungendo citazioni da fonti attendibili secondo le linee guida sull'uso delle fonti. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento. Questa voce sull'argomento navi passeggeri è solo un abbozzo. Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. MSC DivinaMSC Divina a Istanbul nel 2012Descrizione generale TipoNave da crociera Cl...

Real projective plane

Compact non-orientable two-dimensional manifold In mathematics, the real projective plane is a two-dimensional projective space, similar to the familiar Euclidean plane in many respects but without the concepts of distance, circles, angle measure, or parallelism. It is the setting for planar projective geometry, in which the relationships between objects are not considered to change under projective transformations. The name projective comes from perspective drawing: projecting an image from ...

Peirce's law

Axiom used in logic and philosophy Part of a series onCharles Sanders Peirce Bibliography Pragmatism in epistemology Abductive reasoning Fallibilism Pragmaticism as maxim as theory of truth Community of inquiry Logic Continuous predicate Peirce's law Entitative graph in Qualitative logic Existential graph Functional completeness Logic gate Logic of information Logical graph Logical NOR Second-order logic Trikonic Type-token distinction Semiotic theory Indexicality Interpretant Semiosis Sign r...

Transcription (music)

Process of creating sheet music from a recording or performance A J.S. Bach keyboard piece transcribed for guitar. In music, transcription is the practice of notating a piece or a sound which was previously unnotated and/or unpopular as a written music, for example, a jazz improvisation or a video game soundtrack. When a musician is tasked with creating sheet music from a recording and they write down the notes that make up the piece in music notation, it is said that they created a musical t...