Cantão (província)

 Nota: Para outros significados, veja Cantão (desambiguação).
Cantão
(Guangdong)
广东 - Gŭangdōng
Abreviatura 粤 (Yuè)
Capital Cantão (Guangzhou)
Área 177 900 km²
População (2010) 104,303,132 hab.
Densidade 466,78 hab/km²
Províncias da China

Cantão ou Guangdong (em chinês, 广东, Guǎngdōng (pinyin); historicamente, 廣東)[1][2] é uma província da República Popular da China. Tem uma área de aproximadamente 177 900 km² e uma população de 104 303 132 habitantes.[3] A capital da província de Cantão é a cidade de Cantão. A população é constituída maioritariamente por habitantes de etnia Han (99%), existindo 0,7% de habitantes de Zhuang e 0,2% de Yao.

História

Incorporação a China

Foi povoada inicial por povos Yue, sendo anexada a China Imperial durante a Dinastia Qin entre 221 a 206 a.C. e se tornou futuramente um ponto estratégico para interesses marítimos.[4]

Século XIX

Guangdong, ou Cantão, foi importante para o comércio de ópio além de seus portos que foram usados constantemente por europeus durante o periodo do Século de humilhação. Assim, foi palco também de vários conflitos, como a Guerras do ópio e o ínicio da Rebelião Taiping, além de vários outros conflitos e revoltas impulsionadas pelo Sentimento anti-Qing.[4][5]

Século XX

Assim como as demais provincias do sul, Cantão integrou a República da China em 1911, durante a Revolução Xinhai. Após conflitos internos na política da China, Guangdong se tornou a provincia principal da revolução promovida pelo Partido Nacionalista da China, sendo entre 1917 até 1926 a sede do Governo da República da China em Guangzhou.[5]

Cidades

A seguinte lista mostra as 10 cidades mais populosas da província de Cantão, sendo que a cidade de Cantão é a capital da província.

Nome da cidade Nome em chinês População (em 2010)
1 . Cantão 广州 12 700 800
2 . Shenzhen 深圳 10 357 938
3 . Shantou 汕头 5 391 028
4 . Dongguan 东莞 2 826 612
5 . Zhanjiang 湛江 6 993 304
6 . Foshan 佛山 7 194 311
7 . Jieyang 揭阳 5 877 025
8 . Jiangmen 江门 4 448 871
9 . Maoming 茂名 5 817 753
10 . Zhuhai 珠海 1 560 229

Subdivisões

Mapa das subdivisões de Guangdong
Ver artigo principal: Subdivisões de Guangdong

Na província de Guangdong existem:

Referências

  1. ↑ «Significado de cantonês». auleteuol.w20.com.br. Consultado em 29 de fevereiro de 2016 
  2. ↑ «cantonês». infopédia. Consultado em 29 de fevereiro de 2016 
  3. ↑ Main data bulletin of the sixth national census in 2010, 2011-05-10(chinês)
  4. ↑ a b Hays, Jeffrey. «GUANGDONG PROVINCE | Facts and Details». factsanddetails.com (em inglês). Consultado em 30 de novembro de 2024 
  5. ↑ a b Lantau (31 de julho de 2023). «Perfil China - Guangdong 广东». Lantau B.A. Consultado em 30 de novembro de 2024 

Ligações externas

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