Canhão de Paris

Kaiser Wilhelm Geschütz

O canhão de Paris[1][2]
Tipo Canhão ferroviário e um obuseiro
Local de origem  Alemanha
História operacional
Em serviço de março a agosto de 1918
Utilizadores  Alemanha
Guerras Primeira Guerra Mundial
Histórico de produção
Fabricante Krupp AG
Quantidade
produzida
? (Possívelmente 1 ou 2)
Especificações
Peso 256 toneladas (somente o canhão) 750 toneladas (total)
Comprimento 28 m (91 ft)
Tripulação 80 marinheiros e 1 almirante (por conta de sua semelhança a uma arma naval)
Calibre 210mm (21cm)
Ação 3 minutos até o projétil chegar em Paris
Deslocamento por ferrovias ( ferrovias somente para o uso dele)
Elevação 52º max
Velocidade de saída 1.600 m/s
Alcance efetivo 126 km
Sistema de suprimento 20 munições pequenas, 20 médias e 20 grandes (60 disparos antes da troca do cano)

O canhão de Paris, também chamado Kaiser Wilhelm Geschütz (canhão do Kaiser Guilherme) foi o nome dado a um tipo de arma de cerco de longo alcance alemã, várias das quais foram usadas para bombardear Paris durante a Primeira Guerra Mundial. Estiveram em serviço de março a agosto de 1918. Quando as armas foram empregadas pela primeira vez, os parisienses acreditavam que haviam sido bombardeados por um Zeppelin de alta altitude, já que o som de um avião ou de uma arma não podia ser ouvido. Eles foram as maiores peças de artilharia usadas durante a guerra por comprimento de barril, e qualificam-se sob a (mais tarde) definição formal de artilharia de grande calibre. Também chamado de "Kaiser Wilhelm Geschütz" ("Kaiser Wilhelm Gun"), eles eram frequentemente confundidos com Big Bertha, o obuseiro alemão usado contra fortes belgas na Batalha de Liège em 1914; na verdade, os franceses também os chamavam por esse nome.  Eles também foram confundidos com o canhão menor "Langer Max" (Long Max), do qual foram derivados. Embora os famosos fabricantes de artilharia da família Krupp produzissem todas essas armas, a semelhança terminou ali.[3][4][5][6]

Como armas militares, as armas de Paris não foram um grande sucesso: a carga útil era pequena, o cano exigia substituição frequente e a precisão das armas era boa o suficiente para apenas alvos do tamanho da cidade. O objetivo alemão era construir uma arma psicológica para atacar o moral dos parisienses, não para destruir a cidade em si.[3][4][5][6]

Ver também

Referências

  1. «site». Consultado em 5 de agosto de 2023 
  2. «site». Consultado em 5 de agosto de 2023 
  3. a b United States. Army. Ordnance Department (1921). Railway artillery : a report on the characteristics, scope of utility, etc., of railway artillery. University of Michigan. [S.l.]: Washington : Government Printing Office 
  4. a b Ford, Roger (2000). Germany's Secret Weapons in World War II. Zenith Imprint. ISBN 0760308470
  5. a b Henry W. Miller, The Paris Gun: The Bombardment of Paris by the German Long Range Guns and the Great German Offensive of 1918, Jonathan Cape, Harrison Smith, New York, 1930
  6. a b Webster, Paul (1994). Antoine de Saint-Exupéry: The Life and Death of The Little Prince (em inglês). [S.l.]: Macmillan 

Ligações externas

O Commons possui uma categoria com imagens e outros ficheiros sobre Canhão de Paris

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