Caimento

 Nota: Para vela, veja Caimento (vela).
Navios com caimento neutro (esquerda) e caimento positivo (direita), correspondendo θ ao ângulo de caimento.

O caimento, compasso ou trim constitui a inclinação longitudinal de um navio para uma das suas extremidades (proa ou popa).

Corresponde, mais precisamente, ao ângulo entre a linha de construção do navio e a sua linha base, numa dada condição de carga, medido pela diferença entre imersões à vante e à ré, corrigido pelo caimento de traçado.

O caimento é positivo quando o calado na quilha à ré é superior ao calado na quilha à vante, ficando assim o navio inclinado para a ré. Nestas condições, diz-se que um navio está apopado, derrabado ou que tem caimento pela popa.

O caiamento será negativo, na situação inversa, estando o navio inclinado para a vante. Diz-se então que o navio está de proa, abicado ou que tem caimento pela proa.

Referências

  • "Nomenclatura do navio", Manual para Jornalistas, Lisboa: Serviço de Informações e Relações Públicas da Marinha, 2005
  • ESPARTEIRO, António M., Dicionário Ilustrado de Marinha (reimpressão), Lisboa: Clássica Editora, 2001
  • FONSECA, Maurílio M., Arte Naval (5ª edição), Rio de Janeiro: Serviço de Documentação Geral da Marinha, 1989

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