Círculo cromático

O Círculo Cromático é uma representação em círculo das cores percebidas pelo olho humano. Ele é [1]composto por 12 cores: as três primárias, as três secundárias e as seis terciárias. Este instrumento um guia rápido de identificação das cores complementares, das análogas, das meio-complementares, e de outras combinações harmónicas possíveis. Ele nos ajuda a descobrir combinações, comparações, etc.

Circulo cromatico
Combinações harmônicas

Classificação das cores que compõem o círculo cromático:

  • Cores primárias: azul, vermelho e amarelo.
  • Cores secundárias(mistura de duas cores primarias): verde, laranja e roxo/violeta.
  • Cores terciárias(mistura de duas cores secundárias): vermelho-arroxeado, vermelho-alaranjado, amarelo-alaranjado, amarelo-esverdeado, azul-esverdeado, azul-arroxeado.

A partir das 12 cores do círculo, além das cores branca e preta, uma infinita quantidade de cores pode ser formada, com diferentes tonalidades e saturações.

Criador do círculo cromático

As experiências de Isaac Newton com luz e cor na década de 1660 levaram à criação do círculo cromático. Newton passou luz branca através de um prisma, dispersando-a no espectro de cores visíveis. Ele então organizou essas cores em um formato circular, estabelecendo uma relação sistemática entre elas. Essa disposição tornou-se fundamental nos campos da arte e do design, oferecendo uma ferramenta visual para entender e ensinar a teoria das cores, incluindo os conceitos de cores primárias, secundárias e complementares.

Círculo cromático de Newton

Como utilizar o círculo cromático

O círculo facilita criação de combinações de cores para diferentes propósitos. Aqui estão algumas dessas combinações:

Cores Complementares

Cores complementares são as que estão opostas no circulo, por exemplo vermelho e verde. Por estarem em posições opostas, criam um grande contraste, fazendo que cada cor pareça mais vibrante e chame mais atenção.

Cores Análogas

Cores análogas são as que estão lado a lado no círculo cromático, como o azul, o azul-verde e o verde. Elas criam uma combinação mais harmônica aos olhos, fazendo com que nenhuma se destaque mais que outra, apenas combinem bem entre si.

Cores Triádicas

Cores triádicas são as que estão em uma mesma distância no círculo, formando um triângulo equilátero. Um exemplo é vermelho, azul e amarelo, que criam uma combinação de três cores harmônica e vibrante.

Cores Divididas Complementares

Cores divididas complementares são formadas por uma cor base e duas cores adjacentes à sua complementar. Por exemplo, se a cor base é azul, as cores divididas complementares seriam vermelho-laranja e amarelo-laranja. Essa combinação resulta em um contraste de menor tensão comparado às complementares diretas.

Cores Tétrades

De maneira semelhante às triádicas, as cores tétrades são aquelas que formam um retângulo no círculo cromático, por exemplo, as cores vermelho, verde, azul e laranja. Essa combinação oferece uma relação harmônica entre quatro cores.

Cores Monocromáticas

Por fim, combinações com cores monocromáticas são aquelas que possuem a mesma cor, podendo variar em tonalidades e saturações diferentes. Essa combinação permite criar uma relação sutil e elegante.

Círculo cromático
Ícone de esboço Este artigo sobre cor é um esboço. Você pode ajudar a Wikipédia expandindo-o.
  1. ↑ Furtado, André (2009). «Introdução a teoria das cores» (PDF). http://www.ufrgs.br/ufrgs/inicial 

[1]

  1. ↑ AnaPaulaNunesdeSiqueiraLopes1JanainaKarinCarolinaAlcântaradeLimaAbreu2Célia Regina Góes Garavello3, AnaPaulaNunesdeSiqueiraLopes1JanainaKarinCarolinaAlcântaradeLimaAbreu2Célia Regina Góes Garavello3 (2023). AIMPORTÂNCIADOESTUDODACOLORIMETRIAPARAAREALIZAÇÃODE PROCEDIMENTOS DE COLORAÇÃO PERMANENTE DOS CABELOS. [S.l.: s.n.] 

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