Brettanomyces

Brettanomyces bruxellensis

Reino:	Fungi
Filo:	Ascomycota
Subfilo:	Saccharomycotina
Classe:	Saccharomycetes
Ordem:	Saccharomycetales
Família:	Pichiaceae
Género:	Brettanomyces

Espécies

B. anomalus

B. bruxellensis

B. claussenii

B. custersianus

B. lambicus

B. naardenensis

B. nanus

Brettanomyces é um género de levedura na família Saccharomycetaceae. O nome do género Dekkera é utilizado de forma intercambiável com Brettanomyces, descrevendo a forma da levedura teleomorfo ou formadora de esporos. A morfologia celular da levedura pode variar de oval a longas células em forma de "salsicha". A levedura é acidogênica, e, quando cultivada em meios ricos em glucose produz grandes quantidades de ácido acético. Brettanomyces é importante tanto para as indústrias de fabricação de cerveja e vinho, devido aos compostos sensoriais que produz.

Na natureza, Brettanomyces vive nas cascas de frutas. A cepa Brettanomyces claussenii foi descoberta na cervejaria Carlsberg em 1904 por N. Hjelte Claussen, que estava investigando-a como uma causa de deterioração em ales inglesas. O termo Brettanomyces vem do grego, "fungo britânico".

Cerveja

Na maioria dos estilos de cerveja Brettanomyces é visto como um contaminante e as características que ela atribui são consideradas indesejáveis transmitindo "off-flavours." No entanto, em alguns estilos, particularmente certos tradicionais cervejas belgas, é apreciado e encorajado. Lambic e gueuze devem seus perfis únicos de sabor a Brettanomyces; também é encontrada em Oud Bruin e Flanders red ale.^[1] exemplos comerciais desses estilos incluem Liefmans Brown Ale, Rodenbach Grand Cru, e duquesa de Bourgogne . O mosteiro trapista Orval é único na elaboração da única cerveja trapista com características de Brettanomyces. No caso da Orval, os cervejeiros adicionam o fermento à cerveja no engarrafamento.

Referências

↑ Asimov, Eric (22 de novembro de 2011). «Brews as Complex as Wine». The New York Times. Consultado em 24 de novembro de 2011

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