Anglo (fortaleza)

Anglo (em grego: Άγγ(ε)λων; romaniz.: Ang(e)lōn) ou Angle (em armênio: Անգղ; romaniz.: Angł) foi uma fortaleza do cantão de Zalcota, na província de Airarate, na Armênia.

História

Armênia em 150. Airarate situa-se ao centro

Anglo foi criada pelos orôntidas[1] e nomeada em honra ao deus patrono da dinastia: Angle-Torque. Até o século IV, quando Fausto escreveu sua obra, pertencia a Bagrauandena.[2] Sebeos comentou que o rio Aracani passou por Anglo.[3] Procópio de Cesareia afirmou que estava num espaço estreito em meio ao terreno acidentado a 120 estádios de Dúbio.[4]

Com a divisão da Armênia com a Paz de Acilisena de 387 entre o Império Romano e Império Sassânida, ficou na porção persa. Em 450/1, logo quando os armênios sob Vardanes II decidiram rebelar-se contra o Isdigerdes II (r. 438–457), abrigaram-se ali.[5] Em 543, durante a Guerra Lázica travada entre o imperador Justiniano (r. 527–565) e o xá Cosroes I (r. 531–579), foi atacada por tropas bizantinas invasoras de Adólio e Pedro, mas sua guarnição sob o general Nabedes derrotou-os.[6]

Em 591, Maurício (r. 582–602) e Cosroes II (r. 590–628) acordaram a paz e findaram a guerra em curso. Cosroes cedeu partes do nordeste da Mesopotâmia e vastas porções da Armênia (inclusive Anglo) e Ibéria.[7] Em 605/6, numa nova guerra, o general bizantino Teodósio Corcorúnio acampou numa fortaleza perto a Anglo e foi derrotado pelo exército de Senitão Cosroes.[8] Com a vitória, Senitão conquistou Anglo e outros fortes.[9]

Referências

  1. Toumanoff 1963, p. 310, nota 30.
  2. Toumanoff 1963, p. 319.
  3. Sebeos 1999, p. 60, nota 381.
  4. Procópio de Cesareia, As Guerras, II.XXV
  5. Lázaro de Farpe, História dos Armênios, II.31
  6. Martindale 1992, p. 909.
  7. Dodgeon 2002, p. 174.
  8. Martindale 1992, p. 1298.
  9. Sebeos 1999, p. 199-200.

Bibliografia

  • Dodgeon, Michael H.; Geoffrey Greatrex; Samuel N. C. Lieu (2002). The Roman Eastern Frontier and the Persian Wars (Part II, 363-630 AD). Londres: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-00342-3 
  • Martindale, John R.; Jones, Arnold Hugh Martin; Morris, John (1992). The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire - Volume III, AD 527–641. Cambrígia e Nova Iorque: Imprensa da Universidade de Cambrígia. ISBN 0-521-20160-8 
  • Sebeos (1999). The Armenian History Attributed to Sebeos. Liverpul: Imprensa da Universidade de Liverpul. ISBN 0853235643 
  • Toumanoff, Cyril (1963). Studies in Christian Caucasian History. Washington: Imprensa da Universidade de Georgetown 

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